【作者】 赵林杰；

【导师】 李忠华；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 高电压与绝缘技术， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 一般来讲，介电材料无论是在直流电场中，还是在交变电场中使用一段时间后，总会出现介电性能的降低甚至击穿等不同程度的破坏。但是已有实验研究表明，在一定的条件下，将某些介电材料在电场中进行预处理后，材料某些方面的性能得到了提高。我们将介电材料的这种电场预处理称之为预电应力处理，而将介电材料经预电应力处理后性能上发生的变化称为预电应力效应。本文针对预电应力效应在工程中应用的可能性进行了探索性研究。研究内容主要包括预电应力对硅橡胶改性环氧树脂微观结构的影响、对覆铜箔板粘接性能的影响，以及对温水交联聚乙烯交联过程的影响等。本文通过实验研究证实：在硅橡胶改性环氧树脂的固化过程中所施加直流预电应力导致了固化物中硅橡胶相数量增多、尺寸减小；并且，预电应力的这种效应与预电应力的极性无关，但与预电应力的水平有关。另外，本文通过实验研究还证实：在有脱模剂存在的情况下，固化过程中直流电场的存在会弱化脱模剂的作用进而强化环氧树脂固化物与金属正电极间的粘接强度，但直流电场对环氧树脂固化物与金属负电极间的粘接强度没有明显影响。在直流电场对覆铜箔板粘接性能影响的研究中，由于受实验手段和研究对象复杂性的限制，没有发现直流电场对覆铜箔板铜箔与基体及基体层间的粘接强度产生规律性影响，但在研究中进一步证实了直流电场会使环氧树脂在固化过程中形成的交联键沿电场方向取向。由理论分析得知，在硅烷交联聚乙烯电缆的温水交联过程中施加预电应力，通过电场梯度力来加速水由外向里的扩散迁移进而加速交联反应速度是可能的。本文通过实验研究发现：要使预电应力发挥这种效应，需对电缆结构进行合理设计。本文为预电应力效应进一步的工程应用研究提供了一定的实验依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Generally, the property of dielectrics will deteriorate and even breakdown under the action of the DC or AC electric field for some time. But recently, a lot of studies show that some properties of some dielectrics have strengthened after pre-treated in electric field before they are used. This pre-treatment of dielectric in electric field is named after the electric pre-stress treatment. After electric pre-stress treated, the change of dielectric property is named after the effect of electric pre-stress.The possibility of applying the electric pre-stress in some fields of engineering is studied through experiments in this paper. It is discovered that the diameters of silicon rubber decrease and the number of silicon rubber increase by the DC electric pre-stress applied during solidifying of silicon rubber-toughened epoxy resins. The effect is independent of the polarity of electric pre-stress, but it is dependent of the intensity of electric pre-stress.In addition, it is found that DC electric field weakens the effect of release agent and strengthens the binding strength between epoxy resins and anode in the condition of the existence of release agent. But this effect of electric field is not discovered between epoxy resins and cathode.In the study of the effect of electric field on the binding property of copper foil-covered veneer sheet, because of lack of experimental method and the complexity of the object studied, it is not found the regular effect of electric field on the binding strength between copper foil and veneer sheet or on the inter-laminar binding strength of veneer sheet. But it is further testified that DC electric field makes the free linkage generated during solidifying of epoxy resins orient along the direction of electric-power line. Theoretically, it is possible to accelerate water move from outside of cable to inside and therefore to accelerate the cross-linking reaction of silane-g-PE by gradient force of electric field when electric pre-stress is applied in the process of warm water cross-linking of silane-g-PE cable. In the paper it is discovered that it is necessary to design the suitable cable structure for the exertion of the effect of electric pre-stress in the process of warm water cross-linking of silane-g-PE.This paper offers some experimental foundation for the further study about the application of electric pre-stress in the engineering field.更多还原