斜齿轮数控化插削加工理论方法与研究

【作者】 刘洪芹；

【导师】 胡赤兵； 李南；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 齿轮是机器的基础传动元件，其质量直接影响整机的性能、寿命。因其形状复杂，制造难度大，其制造水平在很大程度上体现国家机械工业的水平。随着机器向高速、重载、低噪音方向的发展，斜齿轮的应用越来越普遍。插齿加工作为斜齿轮切削加工的一种不可替代的加工方法还没有实现完全数字化控制，螺旋导轨依然是实现螺旋运动的机械副件。因为螺旋导轨精度要求很高，制造工艺复杂，加工难度大，成本高，而且齿轮的螺旋角必须与插齿刀螺旋导轨的螺旋角相同，这将限制斜齿轮的设计参数，制造界的同仁都意识到CNC技术及其软件的应用是改变目前插齿工艺落后的最有效的手段。因此，利用数字控制取代螺旋导轨，实现斜齿插削加工的CNC控制具有重要的现实意义。 本文正是基于此提出：1)用无差动法插削加工斜齿轮；2)由电子齿轮箱保证刀具主轴与工件之间严格的定比关系。 本文内容主要有： 1) 在展成原理的基础上推导了斜齿轮渐开线齿廓的方程，并利用坐标变换的方法得出齿根过度曲线的方程； 2) 在斜齿轮形成原理基础上论述了斜齿轮的插削加工原理及其运动； 3) 推导了无差动法插削加工斜齿轮时刀具主轴、工件之间的定比关系及此关系严格保证实现的方法——电子齿轮箱的工作原理； 4) 介绍了斜齿轮插削加工数字化控制系统的软硬件构成及其工作原理，并且对运动控制进行了分析更多还原

【Abstract】 Gear is the base transmission component of machine, whose quality work on the whole machine’ ability and longevity. Because it’s shape is very complex and gear’s making is difficult, so the gear’s making lever reflect the country’s mechanic technical level in great degree. With the development of machine’s high speed, over loading, lower noise, the bevel wheel is applied more and more at large. But shaping as one of the bevel wheel’ cutting technique has not realized the Computerized Number Control completely , it still must use the helix track to realize the spire move. For the helix track’s precision is very high and it’s making technic is complex, so it is very diffcult to manufacture the helix track and it’s cost is high, more over gear’spire angle must as the same as the helix track’ angle, which will restrict the design parameters of bevel wheel. People of manufature group have waked up that using CNC and it’s software is the effective means to change the shaping technique behindhand these days.So using CNC substitute helix track and realizing bevel wheel’s shaping CNC have important realism meaning.The paper just basing on this put forward:1)No differential way to shape bevel wheel;2)By Electronic Gear Box to ensure the strict proportion of the tool shaft and the workpiece.The paper’s mostly content:1) Basing on generating principle, deduced involute outline equation and educe gear root curvilinear’s excess equation by coordinate transposition.2) Basing on bevel wheel’s forming principle discussed the principle of bevel wheel’shaping.3) Deduced the proportion of the tool shift and the workpiece when shaping bevel wheel by no differential way;Put forward using Electronic Gear Box to ensure it.4) Introduced the CNC system’s sofetware , hardware and their working principle,and analysed the act controling.更多还原