基于GIS的多源地学信息系统分析与设计

【作者】 肖庆疆；

【导师】 刘展； 王万银；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着地质工作的进一步深入，我们收集的各种地质、地球物理、地球化学和遥感等方面的专业资料越来越多，如何充分、合理地利用这些资源来解决有关的地质问题日显重要。为此，人们急需建立一种集地理、地质、地球物理、地球化学和遥感为一体的解释和决策系统——多源地学信息系统(Multi—Source Geological Information System)。由于地理信息系统(GIS)在解决有关的地理问题以及其应用方面已取得了重要成果，该系统的特点是它具有很强的数据管理和分析功能，因此将在建立MGIS的过程中发挥重要作用。本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上，运用软件工程的思想重点完成了MGIS的分析和设计任务，主要表现在以下几方面： (1)首先回顾了国内外GIS在地学应用方面的发展现状，指出了现存应用GIS系统存在的问题，以及MGIS对GIS提出的新要求和GIS应用的发展趋势。 (2)分析了国内外现有GIS软件的优缺点，着重介绍了MAPGIS和SUPERMAP两种GIS软件的突出优点；比较了两种二次开发方式即单纯二次开发和集成二次开发；对集成二次开发中的基于组件式的二次开发过程和优势做了较详细阐述；针对MGIS数据输入、处理分析和输出以及GIS的性价比等方面提出了对GIS开发平台的要求；根据系统的特点选择了支持组件式开发的SUPERMAP作为平台，对它的组件构成、组件功能和特点做了介绍。 (3)由于MGIS内容复杂、系统庞大，本文只进行了MGIS的系统分析和设计，从数据类型、内容、结构和特点对多源地学数据做了最广泛和深入的论述，内容涉及所有地学学科；用结构化分析方法分析了各学科数据在MGIS中的处理过程；进行了系统的数据库设计、总体结构设计、界面设计和软硬件设计；提出了MGIS的数据组织方案、综合处理流程和系统构架图；以地球物理数据分析子系统为例来说明MGIS各个子系统的大致面貌。 (4)论述了系统开发中涉及到的一些关键技术问题，包括混合编程技术、地学模型库建立和第三方软件加载等问题；分析了系统开发的难点和发展前景，为系统的实际开发做了理论和可行性的分析。 本文为将来MGIS的实施和开发提供理论上的指导和开发途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 With geologic prospecting deepenning furtherly, we collected more and more materials such as geology, geophysics, geochemistry and remote sensing etc. It shows more and more important that how to utilize these information resource to solve relational problems. So we urgently set up a whole explanation-decision-system which based on geology, geophysics, geochemistry and remote sensing research ,that is Multi-Source Geographic Information System(named MGIS). Because geographic information system(GIS) has very powerful functions on data managing and analysis, it must be exert crucial effect on foundation of MGIS.This thesis has stressly finished the analysis and design of MGIS based on the father’s research, the following are the main production:(1) Review domestic and oversea current situation in GIS geoscience application study ; point out the existing problems of application GIS;Display new demand and the development trend of application GIS .(2) Analysing domestic and oversea existing GIS softaware about its merits and fl -aws; Emphatically introduce the conspicuous merits of MAPGIS and SUPERMAP; Co -mpare two secondary-system-development way: single-secondary-development, integrate d-secondar-development; discuss secondary-development course and predominance detail -ed based on Component GIS(named COMGIS); bring forward the requirement of dev--elopment platform from data inputing, outputing, processing .analysing and capablity-c ost-ratio etc; Confirmed SUPERMAP as the system platform according to the system characteristics, and summarize its component structure,function and speciality.(3) For the contents are so complicated ,and system is very magnificent, we emphasised expound the system analysis and design of MGIS extensively and deeply from data-type, content, structure and characteristic that involving almost all geoscience; Analyse all treatment course of datum in MGIS with dataflow chat ;Carry on data-library design .collectivity structure design, interface design, software and hardware design; organize scheme of source and process; flow, and overall Make Geophysics-Data-analysis-subsystem for example to display system framework of MGIS.(4) Expound the key technological issue involved in system developing including mix -programming technology, mature software loading technology and geological model foundation; Analyse difficulties and foreground that system developing ;all of these make theory and feasibility analysis for actual implementation of MGIS.This thesis offered the implement guide theoretic for MGIS development in future,and Propose the problem that must solve.更多还原