试论新时期小说中的农民文化

【作者】 姜锦铭；

【导师】 夏康达；

【作者基本信息】 天津师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文的主要内容实际上就包含在题目里，扩展开来说，即上世纪70年代末到现在的小说中所体现的农民文化。这里有3个关键词正显示了论文在总体把握上所时时遵循的原则：一是农民文化；二是小说；三是新时期。 具体来说，“农民文化”，即要写出农民之为农民的本质特征来，论文的总的构架也是以此来设置的。论文分四章来探讨这一命题：1、农民的土地意识 本章主要论述农民和土地双重的正负面关系，即土地既养活了农民，也桎梏了农民；而农民既依恋着土地，同时也仇恨着土地。民工题材的小说中所显示的农民和土地的关系是本章中另一个重要内容。2、农民的伦理道德及其新变 农民的伦理道德是农民文化中极富传统性的一面，也是最复杂的一面，它有积极的因素，也有消极的因素，而现代性和传统性的尖锐冲突正预示着农民精神秩序的变革。3、农民的性观念 自然性和物化性的紧张冲突是农民性观念的基本特征。女性自身不同的命运正是关照农民性观念特质和变革的重要途径。4、农民的人性和性格其中的每一部分又分了三个表现层面：正面、负面和中间面。 “小说”对论文的规定性是说论文所探讨的农民文化首先是以文学中的小说为基础的，论文是被严格限定在文学的范围内来写作的。 “新时期”既是对论文所探讨的小说的限定，也是对农民文化的限定。对前者的限定是指论文所涉及的小说决大多数限定在上世纪70年代末到目前的小说中，对后者的限定是指农民文化在新时期有了什么样的新特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 In fact, the title of thesis reflects its main content. To explain in greater detail, that is peasant culture in the novels that is all concluded since the end of 1970s. There are three key words that indicate three principles, which must be constantly followed in the writing, and the main content of thesis. Three key words are Peasant Culture, Novels, and the New Period.To speak fully and clearly, Peasant Culture means that writer tries to find peasant innate character by which the structure of thesis is built. The content of thesis concludes four parts: 1. This part is to discuss the positive and negative relation between peasant and land. That is to say, the land supports and restricts the peasant; as a result, the peasant loves and hates the land. In this part, another important content is the relation between the peasant and the land in the novels which subject is min gong. 2. The peasant’s moral principles, which conclude positive and negative elements, are the most traditional and complicated part in the peasant clulture. The intense conflict between the modern and the traditional indicates the changes of the orders of the peasant spirit. 3. The intense conflict between natural sex and materialized sex is the basic features of the peasant’s sex idea. Considering different women’s fates is a good way by which one can understand the character and changes of the peasant’s sex idea. 4. Every aspect concludes three sides: the obverse, the verse and the middle.The second key word is Novels that mean the peasant culture is based on the novels in the literatures. The thesis is at first literary one.The third key word is New Word, which define Novels and Peasant culture. The former definition means the novels concerned in the thesis are the ones since the end of 1970s, the latter means the new characteristics of peasant culture in the new period.更多还原