【作者】 于淇；

【导师】 曹家年； 何大强；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 电子与通信工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 升降舞台主要是用于演出时的背景搭建，升降乐池是演出时乐队人员演奏的场所。本文以新建剧场所用高技术设备为背景，凭借长春市广播电视中心新建演播厅工程项目，为舞台机械设备以及升降舞台和升降乐池的设计了一个具有操作方便、安全可靠的舞台自动控制系统。 升降舞台由多个升降块组成，控制系统使这多个升降块在舞台台面以下3米和台面以上2米的高度内停在任意的位置，并且要求启动和停止时平稳，停车误差不超过2毫米。升降乐池是一个钢铁结构的平台，供乐队演出使用，控制系统能使升降乐池在底坑的地下一层和舞台台面之间任意位置启动和停止，并能自动在地下一层处和舞台台面处平层。同时要求整个系统运行安全，电气上设计必要的保护措施。 设计中选择了PC总线工业控制机和可编程序控制器作为控制系统的主机，设计了两个独立的系统分别控制升降舞台和升降乐池，采用了制动电机作为舞台升降的拖动装置，电机的调速方法选择了可以无级平滑调速、经济节能的变频调速方法，并在电气上采用互锁和行程开关来保证舞台机械设备的安全运行。在Windows2000操作系统下，用C++Builder开发可整个系统的控制软件，控制软件使用了面向对象的编程方法，利用多线程技术，完成了对舞台系统的精确控制。系统的使用方法简单，不需要复杂的培训。系统设计完成后，已经运行了一段时间，控制的精度和效果完全满足要求。 在设计舞台控制系统中，本文用制动电机传动取代了传统的液压传动，并结合了变频技术、计算机控制技术，实现了对乐池升降的平稳控制，经过现场调试和使用，控制效果理想，运行可靠，启动停止平稳，平层准确，达到了预期的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The stage which can go up and down is mainly used to set up the background during performance. And an elevating orchestra is the place for the band stuff to perform. With a purpose of installing high-tech equipment for newly-built theatres and on the basis of the project of the newly-built telecasting studio of Chang Chun Municipal Broadcasting and Television Centre, this paper presents a design of an automatic controlling system for stage machinery equipment, elevating stage and orchestra, which is convenient, safe and reliable.The elevating stage is made up of several elevating blocks. A controlling system can make the blocks stay at any place from 3 meters under to 2 meters over the stage with a smooth starting and stopping , and with a tolerance less than 2mm. The elevating orchestra is a platform of steel structure used for orchestra to perform. A controlling system makes the elevating orchestra move and stop at any place between the underground and the surface of the stage. This system can also automatically be level with underground and the surface of the stage. The system requires that the operation of the system be safe and safety measures are provided in the designing of its electric equipment.In this design, a PC bus industrial controlling machine and a programmable controller are adopted as the main frame of the controlling system. Two independent systems are designed for controlling the elevating stage and the orchestra respectively.And a brake motor is adopted as a towing device of the elevating equipment. The speed governing of the motor is done by stepless speed regulating, which is a energy-saving frequency converting method. Besides, interlock and overtravel-limit switch are used in the electric equipment to ensure the safe operation of the stage machinery equipment, In Window2000 operating system, the development of the whole controlling system can be accessed with "C+Builder". The program of the controlling software is accessible to the user. By means of multiwire technique, precise controlling of the stage equipment is obtained. . The system is easy to use and no hard training is needed. After thecompletion of the design, the system has been in operation for some time with desirable precision and effect.In designing the stage controlling system, brake motors are used in place of traditional hydraulic power transmission, combined with frequency conversion technique, computer controlling technique, realizing the smooth control over the elevating orchestra. On-the-spot debugging and operation show that it is desirable in effect, reliable in operation, smooth in starting and stopping, accurate in leveling with the surface of the stage, thus, fulfilling the anticipated requirements.更多还原