【作者】 胡明辉；

【导师】 秦大同；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 车辆工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 迫于环境污染和石油资源短缺的压力，为实施可持续发展战略，混合动力汽车已成为21世纪汽车工业的发展方向。国内外专家的共识是：混合动力电动汽车不只是电动汽车的一个过渡阶段，而是汽车工业即将面临的一场新的革命。由于混合动力电动汽车的行驶工况十分复杂，对蓄电池的寿命影响很大，而镍氢蓄电池的使用寿命有限。因此，对混合动力电动汽车的动力电池组进行能量管理，是十分必要的。但是电池能量管理系统成本昂贵，电路复杂，而且电池在充放电过程中的化学变化也很复杂，要精确计算和预测电池的荷电状态和剩余能量及寿命是很困难的，到目前为止，这一技术仍在研究发展中。本文在蓄电池试验的基础上，分析和研究Ni-MH蓄电池充放电特性及其影响因素，建立了电池内阻、电动势模型，提出了安时—能量守恒—开路电压算法（Ah—COE—OCU法）预测蓄电池的剩余能量和荷电状态计算方法，并进行温度、循环使用寿命、自放电等补偿，从而建立了蓄电池的充放电模型。根据国外各种形式混合动力汽车蓄电池的应用分析，选择了蓄电池的比功率和容量；并进行发动机实验，利用样条插值方法构造了发动机的转矩模型，根据混合动力的控制策略，结合长安羚羊混合动力汽车进行仿真计算，以确定混合动力汽车蓄电池电压。在蓄电池充放电试验研究、理论分析和参数选择的基础上，进行放电模型的验证，得到了与实际相符的结果；同时，对蓄电池快速充电方法进行比较，应用脉冲分阶段恒流快速充电方法进行蓄电池快速充电控制仿真计算，得到了满意的结果。进行了混合动力汽车Ni-MH电池管理系统的研究和设计。该系统不仅能够准确监测电池组中各单块电池的工作性能如充放电电流、电压、温度等，具有早期故障诊断和报警功能，防止电池的过充电和过放电，而且能够提供直观的电池组剩余能量值和荷电状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the pressure of environment pollution and the scarcity of oil source, to be dedicated to the strategy of sustainable development, Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) becomes an important consideration in the twenty-first century in order to get sustainable development of Automobile industry. All specialist in whole world have agreed on this: the application of Hybrid Electric Vehicle will not be a transition phase, but be a new revolution of Automobile industry. Because the service life of NiMH battery is limited and the running circumstances of HEV are considerably complex, which influences the service life of NiMH battery, it is very essential to realize to efficiently manage energy of NiMH battery. But the Battery Management System (BSM) of HEV is very expensive and its circuit is complex, simultaneously, chemical changes are also complex during discharging and charging of NiMH battery, so it is extraordinarily difficult to calculate and estimate an accurate surplus energy and State of Charge of NiMH batteries. Up to now, this technology is still researching and developing.Based on the experiment of NiMH battery, investigations on characteristics of discharging and charging of NiMH battery, and analysis of influencing factor of NiMH battery, an approach of Ah—COE—OCU has been carried out to estimate an accurate surplus energy and State of Charge of NiMH batteries, and consider the compensation of the temperature, aging and self-discharging etc. After theoretic analysis has been completed, simulations are given to determine parameters of batteries for Changan HEV.On the basis of the experiment of NiMH battery, theoretic analysis and parameters determined, simulation of NiMH battery discharging has been carried, and simulation results are identical with the practice. Then, the impulse phases quick charging has been applied to process the simulation of quick charging of NiMH battery based on mechanism analysis and theoretic comparison about quick charging of NiMH battery. Simulation results are satisfactory.At last, researches and designs of the Battery Management System (BSM) of HEV battery are introduced. This system can not only check-up performance (such as the<WP=6>current of discharging and charging, voltage and temperature) of every battery, and have functions of giving an alarm and trouble diagnosing early to prevent excessive discharging and chargi<WP=7>ng of the battery, but also provide a direct display of surplus energy and state of charge of NiMH battery of HEV.更多还原