【作者】 何明；

【导师】 魏子栋；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 物理化学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 垃圾渗滤液属于高浓度有机废水，生物处理技术由于运行费用低，是渗滤液处理的主要技术手段。 垃圾渗滤液的特点是COD_Cr浓度高，达数千至数万mg/L；氨氮浓度数百至数千mg/L。BOD₅/COD_Cr数值低，可生物降解性差；渗滤液中含有70多种有机物和各种重金属元素，直接对渗滤液进行厌氧或好氧处理较难达到排放标准。 本论文总结了国内外有关渗滤液生物处理技术的研究成果及经验教训，运用国外最新的厌氧和好氧处理技术理论研究成果，仔细分析了渗滤液的成分特点以及已建工程失败的原因，提出了“营养调节→升流式厌氧污泥床→吹脱→序批式活性污泥反应器”的工艺处理路线，进行了理论计算和实验验证。摒弃了传统的以水力停留时间为设计依据的厌氧反应器的设计及计算方法，提出了以小试数据和污泥龄为基础的设计计算方法，提高了工程设计的可靠性。 本研究内容包括以下几个方面：垃圾渗滤液各种处理工艺的应用情况及分析；对重庆市生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液制定出处理工艺，并进行实验验证；对存在的各种影响因素进行分析；制定拟定工艺的设计计算方法，并求解出相关的动力学参数。 通过理论分析与实验验证，得出以下几点结论：①渗滤液属于难降解高浓度有机废水，不经任何预处理直接采用生物法处理，很难达到一般生物处理工艺的去除效率。②升流式厌氧污泥床处理工艺可以非常有效地去除经过营养成分调整的垃圾渗滤液。污泥龄越长，去除率越高。③氨吹脱作为渗滤液好氧处理的预处理对好氧处理效率的提高至关重要。④采用“营养调节→升流式厌氧污泥床→吹脱→序批式活性污泥反应器”联合处理工艺可以非常有效地去除垃圾渗滤液中的污染物。就本研究中的水质而言，当污泥龄足够长时，出水的COD_Cr和氨氮均达到一级排放标准的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Leachate is a kind of sewage containing high concentration organic compounds. Of all possible techniques biological treatment technique is the most prevalent one due to its low cost in operation.Leachate is typical of high CODcr , high ammonia, and low ratio of BODs/CODcr. In addition, it may contain more than seventies organic materials and heavy metals. It has been shown that leachate cannot be treated to the discharging standard by only biological method without any other assistant treatments.Based on existing researches and on the drawback of updated anaerobic and aerobic methods , a new treatment process, "nutrient adjustment→UASB→ blow out→ SBR", is put forward in this thesis and verified by laboratory test and theoretic analysis. The conventional design method depending on HRT is replaced by a new method depending on sludge age and data from laboratory experiments. This method improves the reliability of project design.The paper involves the following topics:the current state of leachate treatment technology; designing and verifying the treatment process of Chongqing leachate; major factors which influence leachate treatment results; establishing calculation protocol and working out related dynamic parameters.The following results have been obtained. (1) Leachate would not meet the standard of discharge if only through biological process. (2)UASB method is capable to treat the nutrient-adjusted leachate effectively, and the longer the sludge aging, the better the elimination efficiency. (3)Ammonia blow-out is a critical measure for the efficiency of SBR treatment. 甌he process, nutrient adjustment→ UASB→ blow out →SBR, can remove pollutants in leachate effectively if the sludge age is long enough and the discharge can meet the class I standard of integrated wastewater discharge standard.更多还原