【作者】 项德明；

【导师】 高富强；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 模式识别与智能系统， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，国内对江、河等水流速度的测速仪中，部分仪器的设计，系统组成复杂和庞大、测量方式单一、不能实现多通道快速测量水流速度的要求。随着科学技术以及电子产品的日新发展，不能适应现代测量水流速度要求的矛盾日益突出。鉴于此，为了满足目前国内流速测量，适合国情，提高测试精度，加快测试速度，适应野外测量的要求进行便携式智能流速仪的研制。该仪器以51系列单片机(W78E516B)，CPLD(MAX7000S EP7128S84-7)芯片组成数据采集接口，并配以LCD显示模块（640×480）等大规模集成电路。综合了计数、测周、双向测速的功能，具有性能可靠、测试精度高、操作简单、体积小、功耗低、适用广、性价比高等优点。课题从研究背景、设计要求、硬件设计、软件设计、结果分析几个方面来进行详细的阐述。首先，对国、内外在流速仪的研究情况进行了分析，得出了研究了便携式智能流速仪的实际意义。其次，根据设计要求和性能指标提出便携式智能流速仪的设计方案。第三，详细阐述了系统的各硬件模块电路（单片机系统、通信接口电路、信号输入通道、模拟电源）组成。该系统的设计重点和难点是如何实现多个通道（8个）快速的数据采集，课题中选用了大规模集成电路芯片CPLD为依托来实现数据的采集电路，该芯片内含资源丰富，将复杂的逻辑电路集成于芯片内。运行控制器的硬件功能编程由ALTERA公式提供的MAX+PLUSⅡ开发系统支持，系统各项功能的实现均采用软件编制而成。第四，从软件设计来阐述了各个功能模块的具体实现。程序设计采用模块化的设计思想，选用C51汇编语言。这样，不仅使得软件的设计易于理解、维护，而且C51支持浮点运算，保证了数据计算的精度。第五，从数据采集的运行结果进行分析，对课题的研究进行了总结，并提出了设计流速仪的一些新思想。第六，介绍了PC机内流速处理系统的软件设计，重点阐述如何形成所需的各项报表和图表等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Presently, some current meter for rivers are designed complex with a huge system and a simple function. They can’t satisfy the requirement for the faster measurement through multi-channels. With the development of new tech and electronic production, the contradiction is sharp. To solve this problem ,by increasing the accuracy and the sample-speed, adapting to the domestic situation and fitting for the measurement in the field, the intelligent portable current meter is needed. This machine is based on single-chip and CPLD chips as data sampling interface with LLD screen. It combine with counting, calculating a round time, speed-checking in two ways . It has credible performance with high accuracy, a little bulk , a little power and is easy to operate. It can be used in many fields.This issue starts from the research background, then design requirement, hardware, software and finally result.Firstly, giving an introduction about the current meter research in and outside nation and finding the reality meaning to study this intelligent portable current meter.Secondly, according to the design requirement and the performance, it gives a design.Thirdly, it gives a detail about the hardware and the circuit (single-chip, communication interface circuit, sign input channel and analogous circuit). The key point is how to realize the fast data sampling through multi-channels(8 channels). In this project a lot of CPLD chips are used to make up the data sampling circuit. The CPLD chip has a lot of resource and integrates complex logic circuit inside. The hardware function of controller develops by MAX+PLUSⅡ provided by ALTERA corp. Every function is programmed by softwareFourthly, it explains all functions and how to realize these functions. The all procedures are programmed modularly by using C51 assembling language. Thus, the thought of the software is easy to be understood and is easy to be updated, on the other hand the C51 language support float calculation which guarantees the output accuracy.Fifthly, it gives a conclusion to the issue by analyzing from the sampling data, and put forward some new thinking about the current meter design.Finally, it introduces the software about dealing with velocity of flow on computer , emphasizing on how to build all kinds of require and charts needed.更多还原