【作者】 马春生；

【导师】 王双喜； 刘乃玉；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文针对冬季温室地温低，严重影响作物生长发育的问题，利用太阳能地下蓄热技术提高地温，满足作物生长对温度的要求。 在研究和设计主动式温室太阳能地下蓄热系统中，采用温度自记仪器，测试了室温及土壤中六个不同深度的温度数据，绘制了相关温度变化曲线，该曲线表明了主动式温室太阳能地下蓄热系统能有效提高冬季温室土壤的温度，并且减小了日温变化幅度。 基于传热学的热传导方程，利用测试的地温数据，选用差分法计算了土壤热扩散率，应用SAS软件拟合了非线性方程，建立了日光温室土壤温度场的数学模型。模型中充分考虑了土壤热扩散率、时间对温室土壤不同深度的温度影响，可计算出任一时间、土壤不同深度的温度。研究表明，模型的数值模拟结果与实测值在数值和变化趋势上符合较好，为进一步分析温室内土壤导热特性提供了手段和依据。 根据现代温室耗热量的分析，建立了温室热平衡方程，由该方程确定的集热器面积与温室种植面积的优化比例为1:5，经试验验证，该比例能满足作物冬季生长对温度的要求。 本文研究的太阳能蓄热系统实现了太阳能夏天贮冬天用、日间贮夜间用、晴天贮阴天用的目的，在不进行人工增温的条件下，能满足作物的冬季生长要求。从节能、环保的角度，为温室冬季增温开创了一条有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problems of lower soil temperature, which restrains plant develop in greenhouse in wintertime, with the technology of solar energy conserving in soil, it is the paper that introduces a system which is able to store solar energy in soil by a collecting and storing unit of solar energy. The system is able to efficiently increase temperature and meet crop requirement of temperature for yield.In researching and designing solar energy conserving system in soil for active greenhouse, it adopts instrument of RHLOG, tests temperature of six layers to soil temperature, and draws various curve of temperature. It shows the system can efficiency increase soil temperature and reduces change range of temperature in greenhouse in wintertime.It presents a mathematical heat transfer model of air and soil temperature in greenhouse basing on the theory of transmission of heat. The model calculates the heat diffuse coefficient of soil by difference method and establishes regression equation on experimental data by SAS. Taking into consideration of the factor include heat diffuse coefficient of soil and time, which affect soil temperature of differential deep, the model can calculates temperature of any time in different depth. The research declares that the simulation result shows good agreement between the calculate values and measured data, and the equations can afford means and evidences for further analyzing of the heat transfer topics on soil in greenhouse.Using the calculating method of the quantity of heat in modern greenhouse, the heat balance equation of greenhouse is set up. It is confirm that optimizing the areas rate of solar collector to culture field is 1:5. The experiment indicates the rate is able to meet crop requirement of yield all the year roundThe research accomplishes the goal of storing solar energy in summertime and utilizing in wintertime, storing in daytime and utilizing in nighttime, storing in sunshine and utilizing in cloudy sky. In condition without raised temperature by other ways, it can meet crop requirement of yield entire year. It is the system that holds effective approach to raise the temperatures inside the greenhouse with the features of saving energy and environmental protection.更多还原