【作者】 田耀华；

【导师】 郭平毅； 王宏富；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验采用了单因素随机区组设计，制订了土壤处理和茎叶处理两套试验方案，研究了四种土壤处理除草剂和五种茎叶处理除草剂单用及混用对绿豆田绿豆植株的安全性和杂草的防效。通过测定绿豆植株与产量、生长发育和抗胁迫有关的形态、生理和生化指标，再结合杂草在除草剂作用下发生的形态和生理变化，筛选出安全、低用量、高效的除草剂配比。 试验结果表明：土壤处理中，乙草胺50ml+速收10g，茎叶处理中，收乐通35ml+速收12g，收乐通35ml+速收18g，这三个除草剂配比均可有效控制绿豆田中禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草的发生，鲜重防效分别为90.96％、81.74％和91.09％，绿豆的大田测产结果分别为152kg、131kg和125kg，也证明了除草剂处理对绿豆的生产有显著的安全性。通过对绿豆生长过程中生理生化指标的测定，确定了除草剂胁迫下的作物存在伤害补偿效应，且随着处理与收获时间间隔的加大，效应作用加大，所以土壤处理不论从产量，还是从光合速率、硝酸还原酶、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶等，都显著高于茎叶处理。因此，茎叶处理的施药时期就显得尤为重要，最佳时期应是绿豆植株有3—4片叶，而杂草刚刚全部出苗。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through pot experiment with single factor randomized block design, this paper studied the effect of four soil and five leaf herbicides on mungbean. The goal is choosing safe, efficient and low-level herbicides.The experimental results indicated that, acetochlor50ml + flumioxazinl0g, clethodim35ml + flumioxazinl2g and clethodim35ml + flumioxazinl8g, the three combination of herbicides can all control grass and broadleaf weeds in mungbean fields, the rate of control of the fresh weight got significant 90.96% 81.74% and 91.09% respectively. The three dealing productions are 152kg, 131kg and 125kg, this stated that there is a significant safety on mungbean production. In the same time, we found the damage compensation of mungbean under hebicides, so the soil dealing is significantly high than the leaf dealing on the safety. The appropriate time of leaf dealing is that mungbean has three or four leaves, as weel as the weeds are germinating justly.更多还原