PDC钻头钻井参数优化模型与应用研究

【作者】 赵明文；

【导师】 孙学增；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 石油与天然气工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 钻井参数的优化过程包括瞬时和平均钻速，钻进进尺，钻头在井底的旋转时间等参数。必须创建与钻井条件相适应的钻井参数优化数学模型。为了表示在这一领域的一些新的发展，我们针对上述问题进行了综合与深入的研究。 首先研究了常规参数优化理论基础，包括鲍格恩和扬格、麦德拉和欧哈瑞的无因次钻井参数优化模式；拉格朗日乘子法；用钻压释放法确定多元钻井模式有关参数的方法。 结合动力钻具和钻头参数优化配合的研究方向。较系统的研究了螺杆、涡轮钻具的理论和实际工作特性，优化匹配、钻进特性和使用时的注意事项等。通过对基础理论的研究，以钻速模式为目标函数，建立了牙轮、PDC钻头-动力钻具相配合时的最优钻压、转速、压降、水马力和钻速的参数优化数学模式，给出了参数优化方法。为了更好地反映现场实际情况，提出了利用MBP曲线确定最优参数的方法；以及一种利用迭代法累积计算最低钻井成本的数学模式。它既考虑了单只钻头、又考虑全井多只钻头的优化。结果表明：采用这种方法可使钻井成本节省25-40％以上；也是一种合理选择钻头类型，确定所需钻头数量的有效方法。 在收集大量的数据资料的基础上，结合大庆油田实际进行了单因素(如地层特性、钻压、转速、水功率、压差等)对钻速、成本的影响分析，钻头磨损规律的研究。获得了某些更符合现场实际的结论与认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 The process of optimization of drilling parameters includes the instantaneous and average drilling rate, the rotary footage and the bit’s rotary time in the bottom hole etc. So it is necessary to establish the mathematical model of optimization for drilling parameters, which agrees with the drilling conditions. To represent new developments in this realm, we have undertaken some synthetical and thorough researches to these questions.Firstly, we studied the theoretical basis of optimization of the routine parameters, including Bodgem’s, Younger’s, Maldera’s and Olhary’s optimization patters with dimensionless drilling parameters, Lagrange’s multiplication factor method and the method of using the release of WOB to determine the parameters concerned with multiple drilling patter.Together with the direction of study of dynamic drilling tools combining optimization of the bit parameters, we systematically studied the theoretical and practical operating characters, the optimization matching, the rotary characters and the attended items at use of the screw and the turbodrill. Regarding the drilling rate patter as the objective function and by studying the basic theories, we have established the mathematical patter to optimize parameters of the optimal WOB, rotary speed, pressure drop, waterpower and the drilling rate, and given out the method to optimize parameters when the roller bit, PCD bit and the dynamic drilling tool were used together. To reflect the actuality on the spot betterly, we put forward the method of determining the optimal parameters by using the MBP curves and the mathematical patter of the minimum drilling cost by using the iterative method. It allows for the optimization of both single bit and multiple bits of all well. The result indicates that: by adopting this method, it could save over 25-40% of the drilling costs and it’s a effective method to select the type of the bit and to determine the quantity of the bits needed reasonably.On the basis of collecting multiple data and together with the actuality in Daqing-oilfield, we analyzed the effect of single factor on the drilling speed and cost, and studied the abrasive regulation of the bit. Then we obtained some conclusions and recognitions more suitable for actuality on the site.更多还原