【作者】 贾鹏涛；

【导师】 葛岭梅； 周安宁；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 矿物加工工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 通用塑料的工程化、工程塑料的高性能化是目前国内外聚合物改性和新材料开发的主要研究方向。聚丙烯(PP)作为通用塑料，具有低温脆性、韧性差，易老化等缺点，在性能上还不完善，需进行改性才能得到更好的应用。纳米复合材料的出现，为聚丙烯的改性提供了新的方法。 本论文采用两步熔融插层法制备了PP／MMT纳米复合材料。首先用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAH-PP)进行插层处理，利用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯与有机蒙脱土片层之间产生的氢键和化学作用力，使MAH-PP首先插层进入MMT层间，制成母料；然后，将母料与PP在双螺杆挤出机上进行熔融共混。结果表明，采用两步熔融插层法成功的制备出了PP／MMT纳米复合材料。用X射线衍射、透射电镜和DSC对其进行表征，表明PP成功插层进入蒙脱土的片层中间，在PP／MMT纳米复合材料中蒙脱土均匀的分散在聚丙烯中，蒙脱土的层间距被扩大到4.646nm，蒙脱土的片层厚度为20nm，其熔融温度从165.5℃提高到166.5℃，并且PP／MMT纳米复合材料的力学性能有一定的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Engineering and high property of universal plastics is the main research direction of polymer modification and novel material exploitation in the world. PP, as a kind of universal plastic, has some shortcomings, such as, the brittleness in low temperature, the low tenacity, aging, and so on. PP is not perfect in property and must be modified in order to be used widely. The occurrence of nanocomposites brings the modification of PP the new methods.PP/MMT nanocomposites were prepared through two steps by melt intercalation. First, mother materials were prepared by the technique, that MAH-PP was interacted into the layers of montmorillonite by the force of hydrogen band and chemical force. Then, PP and mother materials were mixed in two-screw machine. The results indicated that PP/MMT nanocomposites could be prepared successfully through two steps. The nanocomposites were characterized by TEM , XRD and DSC. The results indicated that polypropylene chains had been intercalated into the layered silicate of modified organo-montmorillonite and montmorillonites were uniformly dispersed into polypropylene matrix. The space between two layers had been extended to 4.646nm. The thickness of montmorillonites’ was 20nm. The melting temperature had been enhanced from 165.5 to 166.5 . The mechanical properties of polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites were improved.更多还原