【作者】 马以超；

【导师】 刘国华；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 混凝土拱坝由于能够较充分发挥坝体混凝土材料的特性，与其他坝型比较具有经济性的特点。混凝土拱坝由于其高超静度，又具有较好的安全性，目前越来越多地得到应用。 混凝土拱坝的裂缝屡见不鲜，从成因看，有的由温度因素引起，有的由地基因素引起，有的由施工因素引起，还有的是由于设计不周引起的。大部分裂缝的成因都是由复合的因素引起的。本文讨论的金坑拱坝裂缝的成因具有多重性，其直接成因是坝体经受了气温骤降的恶劣运行工况。探究深层次原因，裂缝的出现和体型的高敏感性是相关的。本文通过线性和非线性的计算方法，经过大量计算，最终得出了上述结论。而本次工作的过程，也是探讨一种拱坝安全复核计算方法的过程。 金坑拱坝的裂缝及和体型的相关性问题具有代表性，很多工程都曾出现类似的情况，由上述问题引申，本文进一步探讨关于拱坝体型设计的若干问题，总结了一些由实际工作中来的关于拱坝体型设计的经验心得。 最后本文列举了两个作者设计的拱坝的体型设计实例。一个是宽河谷中坝，一个是窄河谷高坝，两个工程均具有一定的代表性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Owing to concrete arch dam can adequately make use of concrete material speciality of concrete dam body, it has economical characteristic by contrast with other types of dam. Concrete arch dam is used more and more widespread because of high hyper static and good security.Cracks are widespread in concrete arch dam, which are caused by temperature, or foundation, or construction, and unreasonable designing. Most of cracks are caused by multiple factors. Origins of crack in JinKeng arch dam that are discussed in this article are variety, but the direct origin is that dam body suffers sudden fall of temperature in operating period. Studying reason deeply, the cause of crack is connected with high sensitivity of Shape. These conclusions that are said in front are educed by linear and nonlinear computational methods and abundant numerical computations. This work is a process that discusses a computational method of security re-check in arch dam.The correlation of crack and body type of JinKeng arch dam makes representative, lots of projects having similar instance. Some questions of shape optimum designing in arch dam discussed and experiences that gained from practical works about shape designing in arch dam are talked about in this article farther.At last, two examples of arch dams that are designed by author are listed, one is wide valley middle dam. The other is narrow valley high dam, these engineering all make representative.更多还原