【作者】 张文利；

【导师】 朱瑞琪；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 民族传统体育学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，随着武术散打系列赛事的推出，散打竞技水平不断提高，运动员在比赛中尤其是高水平比赛中，只凭单招取胜，已是相当困难，采用多招组合攻防自然就成了必然的发展趋势。但是由于散打比赛开展的时间短，有关组合动作方面的研究还很欠缺，对组合动作的运用和发展形成了一定的阻碍。本论文选取了“2002年全国‘泰山杯’武术散打锦标赛”为主要研究对象，采用观察、数理统计、调查、对比分析等方法对其进行统计分析，旨在揭示散打组合动作的内在规律，为教练员制定训练计划提供依据；为评价运动员的组合动作提供指标参考；为完善散打技术体系奠定基础。 通过本论文的研究主要得出以下结论：在散打比赛中，2次和3次组合动作是常用组合，4次组合动作是次常用组合动作，5次或5次以上的组合动作是不常用组合动作；组合动作在比赛中的运用率和组合平均得分率，都远大于单个动作，因此是比赛中运动员主要的获胜手段；当一个组合的单个进攻动作数之和大于单个防守动作数之和时，组合趋于得分较高或失分较少的状态，反之，则相反；组合动作成功率的高低与构成组合的单个动作的顺序有关，在构成组合的单个防守动作和进攻动作数量相同的条件下，防守在先的组合趋于较高得分趋势；同次数的组合相比，含单个进攻动作数量多的组合，在总体上的得分大于含单个进攻动作数量少的组合；在2次组合动作中，防守+进攻组合和步法+进攻组合的运用率和得分率最高，是2次组合中的理想得分组合；在3次组合中步法+进攻+进攻组合的运用率和得分率都很高，是3次组合中运用率高的理想得分组合；2次组合动作中的防守+防守组合、进攻+防守组合和在3次组合中步法+进攻+防守组合、防守+进攻+防守组合，是比赛中出现频率较高的不理想组合动作。 建议对于高水平运动员，应以组合动作训练为主，单个动作为辅；对于低水平运动员，应在巩固单个动作的基础上，提高组合动作的训练量，并根据运动员的特点，适当加强组合动作的针对性训练；对不同次数组合动作训练时，以2次、3次组合动作为主，以4次组合动作为辅，对5次以上的组合动作可少练或不练。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, with the process of a series of wushu Sanda competitions, with the increasing improvement of competive skills, it’s quite difficult for the althlete to win the game with only one single movement, especially in the highlevel competitions.therefore, applying the way of combining several movements to attack and defend has become an essential tendency, howerer, due to the short history of Wushu Sanda competition, and the shortage of research on combined movements, there’s trouble in furthering the research on combined movements. Based upon "The National ’Mount Tai Cup’of Wushu Sanda championship in 2002" , the author of this thesis analyzed statistically by using observation, statistics, research, comparative analysis and so on, with the purposes of exploring the inner law of Wu Shu Sanda combined movements, providing basis and measures for the coach’s tranining plan, providing basis for evaluating the athletes’combined movements targets.The result of research of the thesis is as follows: in the Wu shu Sanda competition, 2 and 3 combined movements are the most often used, 4 combined movements are the most often used, while 5 or more than 5 combined movements are rarely used.Combined movements are always used more than the single movement and can gain more scores. Therefore, they’re the main way for athletes to defeat their opponents. When the total number of single attack movements of the combined movements is langer than the number of single defence movements of the combined movements, the combined movements can gain more scores , and vice versa. Whether the success rate of combined movements making up the combined movements. With the same number of attack and defence movements making up the combined movements, the defence movements will have some advantages if it is prior to the attack movements; with the same combined movements, generally speaking, the one with more single attack movements will gain more scores. In the 2 combined movements, the fomula "defence + combined attack movements and steps + application rate of attack combination" can gain the highest score and is the perfect combination; In the 3 combined movements, the formula "steps + attack + application rate of attack combination" can gain the highest scores and is the perfect combination; While the formula "defence + defence combination and attack + defence combination" in 2 combined movements and the formula "steps + attack + defence combination and defence + attack + defence combination" in 3 combined movements are often used but imperfect combination.It is suggested: when making training plans, the high-level athletes should be trained mainly with the combined movements and with the single movements as the supplement; the low-level athletes should be trained to strengthen single movements, to increase the number of combined movements. The combined movements can be strengthened purposefully according to the athletes’own features. As for the combined movements are essential, 4 combined movements are supplementary while 5 or more than 5 combined movements can be used rarely or can be cancelled.更多还原