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我国竞技健美操技术水平及影响因素研究
The Study of Techinque Level and Influential Factors in Chinese Sports Aerobics
【作者】 金逵;
【导师】 肖光来;
【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 , 体育教育训练学, 2003, 硕士
【摘要】 作为1999年才与世界接轨的中国竞技健美操项目,欲在世界大赛中有所表现一直是教练和运动员努力的目标。所谓“知己知彼,百战不殆”,有比较才有鉴别,本课题的研究即立足于FIG2001——2004新周期竞赛规则的指导下,通过对2002年世界健美操锦标赛成套动作技术指标定量化解析,深入剖析当前我国高水平健美操运动员技术水平的状况,并与世界高水平运动员进行对比。另外,针对我国竞技健美操项目的存在及发展,在分析诸多影响技术水平的因素时,深入一步去了解运动队的训练、组织及运作情况,从人才结构,物质基础,运行机制等几个方面调查分析,得出以下结论: 1.从本届世锦赛我国参赛成套动作的编排设计总体情况来看,表现出与冠军选手差距并不明显。但我国选手应适当增加D类动作在成套编排中的份量。对操化动作的编排必须同时兼顾多样性与熟练性之间的矛盾关系。我国选手应减少由站立位置转换到地面动作的连接次数,适当增加体现弹跳能力的非难度跳跃动作。优化队形转换的艺术性是我国选手追求的更高目标。 2.本次世锦赛国内外选手成套动作完成质量的技术统计分析,明显反映出我国选手在成套动作完成中,健美操专项技术的发力控制、以及完成动作过程中表现出的技术规范和技术魅力方面与世界高水平选手相比还有明显差距。我国选手在难度动作完成质量方面存在非常大的缺憾,完成率仅达60.6%。在集体项目中,完成动作的一致性较冠军队有相当的差距。 3.训练系统性、教练员训练指导水平、物质保障、运动员梯队建设、运动员选材及来源、领导的重视程度等是影响我国竞技健美操技术水平提高的主要因素。 4.目前我国大多数运动队训练时间不能满足当今高水平竞技健美操运动训练发展的需要。高校健美操运动员训练从时间和次数上来说,尚属一种业余训练。 5.目前我国健美操教练员在学历方面优于全国优秀教练员平均水平,但专项运动水平远低于全国优秀教练员的平均水平。深入学习和实践钻研健美操项目的训练规律,是我国教练员共同面临的问题。 6.国内较多健美操队的训练资金、训练场地等物质基础仍然不能满足训练的需要,发挥高水平运动队的社会与经济效益,这是运动员及运动队发展所做的必要工作。 7.运动员梯队建设构想中,专家选择排序第一是“形成以教育系统为主线的运动员训练体系”。第二是“成立重点训练基地或青少年培训中心,得到相对稳定的社会投资”。 8.同一项群中相似项目的运动功底可以转化为从事另一项目的有利基础,有体操功底的运动员改练健美操无疑具有非常大的优势。但仅凭在体操训练中成就的运动基础并不能轻易达到健美操的较高竞技水平。 9.获得主管领导的支持必须作为训练工作的一个要素加以考虑,教练员应主动采取必要的方式与主管领导进行沟通与联系。对教练员的调查发现,52.9%的教练员认为“领导不重视”是训练工作中遇到的主要困难之一。而经常主动的向主管领导反映训练或比赛情况的教练员只占被访者35.3%。
【Abstract】 The Chinese sports aerobics have been contacted with international since 1999.To win in competitions is the constant objective of the coaches and athletes.Just as the saying goes:if you can know the enemy and yourself well,you will win a hundred victories, where there is a comparison , there is a judgement. This study is base on the new sport-Aero rule of FIG 2001-2004. To quantitative analyze the action of 2002 worl championship , In order to clear-cut the techinque of high level Chinese athlete and wrld champions. Other hand , in accordance with the presence and development of this event in our country , study from talent structure, material base and operating mechanism ect. the study proclaim:1. From our design of some set of actions in this world championship, it show that the gap between our athlete and world champions is not apparent. But It is necessary to increase the difficulty of group D,And we must give consideration to both diversity and proficiency, decrease the times from standing to ground, and increase jumping (not group C).0ur higher goal is The better artistry of formation .2. Analyzing the quality of technique :the abilities ofchinese athletes in control, standard and charm have obvious gap with champion. There is a great defect on the quality of completion. The ratio of complete is just 60.6%. The quality of accordance differs dramatically from champion in the event of group .3. The main factors which influence the enhancement of Chinese sports aerobics include:The sisitem of training , the abilities of coaches, the base of material, the system of athletes, the sourse of athlete and the gegree of attention by leader.4. The times of training can not meet the need of the development of enough for morden high level exercise in sports aerobics.The training at collages is only at sparetime.5. The education leavel of aerobics coach is higher than the averege all over the country. But sports level lower than it. study the rules in aerobics training is the common problem that Chinese coaches are facing .6. There are not enough fund for training in many teams. In order to develop, It is necessary to open up the economic and social channel for teams and athletes .7. The conceivable system of training :The first is an education sistem. The second is building the base of training and cultivate center for the young .8. The basic techniques of similar events can be changed into each other. Itis great superiarity that an athlete whose gyminastics changes to Aerobics,but it impossible to arrived the high level easily. 9. There are 52.9% coaches reguard as the ignore by leader as the main difficultes in training . Getting the support of the leader is the main factor which must be taken into accocent. the coaches need initiative to contact with leade.
- 【网络出版投稿人】 北京体育大学 【网络出版年期】2003年 04期
- 【分类号】G831
- 【被引频次】43
- 【下载频次】1422