【作者】 严荔；

【导师】 任文；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 口译是通过口头表达，将信息由一种语言形式转换为另一种语言形式的语言交际行为，是人类在跨文化、跨民族的交往活动中所依赖的一种基本交际工具。口译按工作方式可分为交替传译和同声传译。所谓同声传译指的是用一种语言(译入语)把另外一种语言(原语)所表达的思想内容，以与原语发言人几乎相同的速度，用口头形式准确表达出来的一种翻译方式。在大多数情况下，同声传译是借助电子设备来完成的。由于同声传译具有发言与翻译同时进行，不占用会议时间，在同一时间对多种语言同时进行翻译等优点，在国际社会中，尤其是大型国际会议中起着越来越重要的作用。 然而，与交替传译，特别是同笔译相比较而言，同声传译是一门年轻的发展中的专业。对许多业外人士而言，同声传译还蒙着一层神秘的面纱，可望而不可及。随着我国经济的快速发展，特别是中国加入世界贸易组织和两部大开发政策的实施，国际交往将日益增多，大型国际会议也将日益频繁。因此揭开这层面纱，让更多的人能够了解同传是非常必要的。 本文拟从理论和实践两个方面对同声传译进行研究。理论方面，研究了同声传译的历史、过程、标准以及对同传译员的素质要求等。同时与口译的另一种方式——交替传译作了全面的比较和分析。另外，本文从分析汉英两种语言的异同入手，研究了汉英两种语言的转换模式，揭示了同声传译应遵循的基本规律。实践上，通过大量的示例，分别从英译汉和汉译英两个方面探讨了同声传译的基本技巧，同声传译中常见句式的处理原则以及同声传译实践中常见问题的处理。 本文除引言和结语外，共分五章。 引言扼要地介绍了本文的主题和基本结构。 第一章概括了口译的基本理论，并重点介绍了口译的定义、历史、过程、标准以及口译的知识储备。 第二章具体探讨了同声传译的基本理论。分析了同声传译的定义、发展历史、过程、标准以及同传人员应具备的基本素质。同时指出了同声传译和交替传译的区别。 第三章通过对英汉两种语言差异的分析，提出了同声传译的基本原则。 第四章从实践的角度探讨了同声传译中英汉两种语言转换的技巧。 第五章概括同声传译中常见问题及其处理方法。 结语对全文作了归纳和总结。 总之，同声传译作为一门实践性很强的学科，既是科学，也是艺术。它需要不断的从实践中进行探索，进一步丰富其理论，从而更好地指导实践。更多还原

【Abstract】 Simultaneous interpreting (SI), a service that allows participants at international meetings to speak and follow proceedings in their own languages, is widely viewed as a particularly impressive form of rapid, instant oral translation (Setton,1999). SI has been practiced for about fifty years mostly in the modern acoustically-assisted form, and has become the standard medium of multilingual and multicultural communication in international conferences or organizations. As an instrument of human communication, SI is playing an increasingly important role in the international community with the rapid development of international exchanges nowadays.However, compared with consecutive interpreting (CI), another form of interpreting, and especially with translation, studies on SI has been ignored for so long that few people in China outside of the translation circle have any real understanding of it. Even some teachers of English cannot tell the differences between CI and SI. Along with China’s accession to the WTO, international economic, political, and cultural exchanges between China and the outside world will be greatly increased. On the other hand, the implementation of West China Development Strategy will make international exchanges and communication more frequent in the western part of the country, of which Sichuan is an important part, hence, SI will be more frequently used than before.This thesis tries to give a systematic analysis on SI both theoretically and practically on the basis of the grounding theory on interpreting. There are two basic types of interpreting: consecutive interpreting (CI) and simultaneous interpreting (SI). This thesis introduces the history, definition, process, criteria, prerequisite on SI, and intends to focus on exploring the principles and skills for SI so as to enrich its theory and practice.SI is different from CI in terms of history, definition, process, principle, etc.SI has its own characteristics including the transformation principles and basic skills as well as its cardinal principles for common sentence patterns. These points will be illustrated with examples of interpreting between English and Chinese.The thesis is divided into five chapters besides introduction and conclusion.Chapter One will discuss the grounding theory on interpreting including its definition, history, process, criteria and knowledge acquisition.Chapter Two will give a brief introduction to the definition, brief history, process, criteria and prerequisites of SI and its differences from CI as well.Chapter Three will dwell on basic translation principles for SI through analyzing the differences between Chinese and English languages.Chapter Four will focus on basic skills for SI between English and Chinese.Chapter Five will be devoted to coping tactics for concrete problems in SI.The last part will draw the conclusion.SI is an integration of technique and art. The improvement of an interpreter’s skills and techniques results from his/her training and working experience. It is interpreters’ creativeness in practice that produces SI transformation principles and basic skills in interpreting between English and Chinese.更多还原