【作者】 吴会蓉；

【导师】 曾瑞炎；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 从清末到抗战，我国中等师范教育经历了萌芽、初建与发展、衰落、重建几个时期，呈现发展的趋势，但它不能满足初等教育对师资的需求，与初等教育的关系是不平衡的，师资缺乏现象已经潜伏存在。日本侵华战争致使我国等师范教育遭受了巨大的摧残，从而进一步加剧了它与初等教育之间的不平衡关系，促使师资缺乏现象异常严重，表现为“师荒”。为解决这一危机，国民政府十分重视对中等师范教育的推进，制定、采取了一系列发展中等师范教育的政策和措施：如增设师范学校、充实师范教育设施，以培养国民教育师资；调整师范学校的课程设置；改善小学教师和师范生的待遇；加强对师范毕业生的管理；发动推进师范教育运动周等。国民政府所采取的措施，取得了一定的成效，使中等师范教育在量方面较战前有所发展，为抗战建国大业培养了大量的人才，在一定程度上缓解了“师荒”。与此同时，也存在着一些问题：如师范教育在量上片面发展，在质方面存在着一定的问题；小学教师和师范生的待遇未获得有效的改善；师范学校存在着严重贪污腐败现象；“师荒”也未能彻底根除。本文主要论述了抗战时期国民政府为何要推进中等师范教育、如何推进以及推进的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 From late Qing dynasty to the Anti-Japan war, our ountrie’s secondary teacher education evolved from embryo, first establishment and development, decline to reconstruction, which had been developing gradually. However, it could not meet the needs of elementary education to teachers and their relation was imbalance. The phenomenon of the deficiency of teachers had lain low. The Japanese aggressive war brought great destruction to our countrie’s secondary teacher education, which further intensified uneven relation between them and caught the crisis of the serious shortage of teachers. In order to solve the problem, the Kuomingtang government paid much attention to the advancement of secondary teacher education. They laid down some policies and took a series of measures to develop secondary teacher education, such as increasing the establishment of normal schools and replenishing the intallation of teacher education to cultivate teachers for national elementary education; reorganising curriculum arrangement of normal schools; improving treatment of normal students and teachers of primary schools; strengthening the management of the students graduated from normal schools and launching the sport’s week of advancing teacher education, which made some progress, caught secondary teacher education to develop further by comparison with pre-anti-Japan war, cultivated a great many of talents for the cause of anti-Japan war and creation ofa new nation. To some degree, it mitigated the crisis of the serious shortage of teachers. At the same time, there were lots of problems. For example, the number of secondary teacher education made one-sided progress but its quality was on the wane in comparison with prewar, there were serious corruption in normal schools and the crisis of the serious shortage of teachers could not be solved absolutely.The article mainly expounds why the Kuomingtang government would facilitate secondary teacher education, how to advance and the results of it.更多还原