红外干扰材料的研制及衰减性能研究

【作者】 万纯；

【导师】 李永富； 朱长江；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文根据干扰材料对电磁波的衰减原理，选择石墨、碳纤维进行了红外衰减性能测试。探讨了影响粉体材料对红外衰减能力的原因，进而分别在石墨和云母表面进行了化学镀铜和化学镀镍，并测试和研究了化学镀前后材料对红外的衰减能力。具体创新工作如下： 1．首次将短碳纤维分散于介质KBr并压制成片，用于测量其红外遮蔽性能。此实验方法解决了柔性针状粒子间相互缠绕，不易分散的缺点，可用于针状及其它任何形状粒子的静态红外遮蔽性能测试。测试结果准确，方便实用。 2．设计并优化了石墨化学镀铜的配方和工艺，成功地在石墨表面实施了化学镀铜。分析了镀铜石墨对红外光遮蔽能力不高的原因，并通过实验验证了镀铜石墨表面存在Cu₂O，从而导致其电导率和对红外光的遮蔽能力的降低。 3．首次提出将具有导电性的镀镍云母用于遮蔽红外光的设想。设计并优化了云母化学镀镍的配方和工艺，镀镍后的云母具有较好的导电性和分散性。并通过实验验证表明，镀镍云母对红外光的遮蔽能力较云母大大增强。更多还原

【Abstract】 The preparation and capacity of the smokescreen materials against infrared wave were studied in the dissertation. Firstly, the new methods to measure the anti-infrared ability of graphite and carbon fibre with the dual-waveband infrared radiation instrument were be found. The short carbon fibre was specially dispersed to KBr and planished tablet, and the result is consistent with the Lamb-Beer rule. Secondly, the technology of electroless copper plating on graphite surface was optimized. By reason of the Cu2O consist in the copperized surface, it is showed that the conductivity and anti-infrared capacity of graphite was effected. Thirdly, the conductive mica powder was first to applied in the smokescreen field. The technology of electroless nickel plating on the mica powder was optimized. The electroless nickel plating mica powder has well conductivity and disperse. It is showed the anti-infrared capacity of the electroless nickel plating mica powder is more than the mica powder’s.更多还原