聚偏氟乙烯复合中空纤维膜的制备与表征

【作者】 梁祎；

【导师】 王孟春； 王连军； 李健生；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文研究了在聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）铸膜液中添加无机纳米三氧化二铝粒子和二氧化钛粒子，采用干-湿法纺丝制备γ-Al₂O₃/PVDF和TiO₂/PVDF复合中空纤维膜的方法。并且对制备的复合膜的水通量、分离性能、微观结构、机械性能及化学稳定性进行了表征。全文的主要内容包括： （1） 采用干—湿法纺丝工艺制备了复合中空纤维膜，采用流延法制备了复合平板膜。研究了不同无机粒子，添加剂用量对中空纤维复合膜的微观结构、孔性能的影响。结果表明不同的无机粒子对所制膜的微观结构影响较大，其中，TiO₂/PVDF复合中空纤维膜微观结构较好，成孔均匀。在相同条件下，TiO₂/PVDF复合中空纤维膜的孔径更小，孔性能更好。 （2） 采用泡压法对所制的中空纤维复合膜的最大孔径进行了表征，γ-Al₂O₃/PVDF复合膜的最大孔径为0.25μm，TiO₂/PVDF复合中空纤维膜的最大孔径为0.24μm，而相同条件下，未添加无机粒子的PVDF中空纤维膜的最大孔径为0.37μm。说明添加了无机粒子对膜的孔性能有所改善。对牛血清白蛋白的分离效率分别达到了68.70％和85.24％。 （3） 对不同样品膜的机械性能、化学性能和水通量分别进行了测定，结果表明，复合膜的机械性能、耐酸碱性能和耐有机溶剂性能与纯PVDF膜相比有了很大提高。水通量也有了较大提高。复合膜的亲水性能和化学稳定性也得到了改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The preparation of r -A12O3/PVDF and TiO2/PVDF composite hollow fiber membrane were investigated in this dissertation. The nano-particle r -Al2O3 and TiO2 was added into the spinning solution, then the membrane was made by the way of dry-wet spinning method. The water flux, rejection rate, porosity, micro-structure, mechanical performance and chemical performance were characterized. The contents of this dissertation are as follows:(1) The r -A12O3/PVDF and TiO2/PVDF composite hollow fiber membrane were prepared by way of spinning method. The effection of different nano-particles and the amount of additive to the micro-structure and pore performance of composite hollow fiber membrane were discussed. It was found that the nano-particles has large effect on the membrane. And the microstructure of TiO2/PVDF composite membrane is better than the r -A12O3/PVDF composite membrane under the same condition.(2) The pore size of composite membrane was investigeted by the method of bubble pressure. The max pore size of the three different hollow fiber membranes are as follows: PVDF membrane is 0.37 y m, r -Al2O3/PVDF composite membrane is 0.25 u m, TiO2/PVDF composite membrane is 0.24 u m. the rejection rate of the composite membranes to the bovine serum albumin reach to the 68.7% and 85.24%(3) The mechnical performance, chemical performance and water flux of different membranes were measured. It is found that the mechnical and chemical performances of composite membrane are better than PVDF membrane, and the water flux of composite membrane also increases. It is showed that the hydrophilicity of composite membrane is improved.更多还原