中学生有关前科学及错误概念的研究（力学部分）

【作者】 杨进琼；

【导师】 罗维治； 黄生训；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 物理教育， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要是针对初、高中学生学习力学的过程中，存在许多的与科学概念相异的前科学概念和错误认识，给物理教学带来了极大的困难。因此，试图在教育心理学理论的指导下，对学生产生这些想法采用诊断法进行测试，并通过对初二、初三、高一、高二测试结果进行对比分析得出了初中生、高中生中所存在的前科学概念和错误的基本内容，总结了它们的来源和基本特征，提出了纠正此类错误认识的措施和具体方法，同时指出前科学概念也是学生的精神财富，教师要改变观念，尊重学生，做纠正学生前科学错误概念的指导者、帮助者、促进者。更多还原

【Abstract】 This essay mainly deals with how to help junior and senior school students overcome their difficulties in their mechanic learning ,as they have many pre-science conceptions and mistaken cognitions .Guided by the educational psychology, we may try testing the students such ideas by diagnosis.So we can know the basical contents of the students pre-science conceptions and mistaken cognitions by comparing and analysing the testing results of junior Grade Two and Three, Senior Grade One and Two .The sources and characteristics of such ideas are summ arized .Some ways of how to correct the mistaken cognitions are also presented .At the same time, it points out that pre-science conceptions are the students’ spiritual wealth ,Teachers must change senses about this,value the students’ ideas and be instructions, helpers and promoters in correcting the students’ such mistaken conceptions .更多还原