技术与艺术

【作者】 邓深海；

【导师】 刘镇钰； 匡勇胜；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 学科教学论， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 音乐社会学是把人们的整个社会音乐活动作为一种广义的社会生产活动来进行考察的，以计算机技术为核心的数码时代，计算机音乐应运而生，它给音乐社会学研究带来一系列新课题。本文是为了阐述数码时代音乐生产的现状与本质，并为努力创建一个良性的音乐生产模式提供一定参考。 计算机音乐包含的内容是极为广泛的，凡是使用数字技术或利用计算机所做的有关音乐的活动都包括在内。音乐数字技术的两大核心(数字音频技术和MIDI技术)都是在上个世纪末叶发展到相对成熟的。 在音乐生产的各个领域里，计算机音乐都给传统音乐带来了巨大挑战： 通过使用计算机音乐系统，音乐家获得了前所未有的一些机遇。在创制领域，它提供给音乐家一个强大的工具：使之能摒弃传统方式方便地进行音乐创作、试运行、制谱打印和数字化录制等工作。此外，计算机音乐技术可以降低音乐创制生产的成本，促使新的音乐风格流派、新的创作理念的产生，开拓了新的音乐需求领域。 在音乐演奏演唱领域，计算机音乐给一些传统的演奏家的职业带来了危机，一些新的演奏形式、新型演奏家也诞生了。 在计算机介入音乐生产后，网络传播成为传播手段的主流，磁盘和光盘等数字式的音乐存储介质，CD文件(波形文件)、MOD文件、MIDI文件及MP3文件等数字式音乐记录格式都随之产生。新的集成性音乐媒体如：多媒体、超媒体甚至正在建设中的数字地球也产生了。网络传播具有全新的社会特性，它引起了整个音乐生产环节的巨大震荡。 音乐教育和科研也处在一个伟大的变革中，计算机音乐强大的工具性和广泛的适应性特点，必将从观念、内容、手段、方法等各个方面对传统的专业和业余音乐教学体系产生巨大的冲击。 面对计算机音乐技术的挑战，音乐的发展不应该屈从于技术。创建良性的音乐生产模式要把握好以下几点: 1、音乐爱好者应该在计算机及网络提供的良好条件下，尝试音乐活动，挑战社会分工的束缚。 2、杰出的音乐家应该大胆学习和运用计算机音乐技术把现实世界所出现的各种政治、经济、文化现象作为自己审视的对象，但我们须防止盲目地对手段和工具的崇拜，在新的历史条件下弘扬人文精神，尽职尽责培育健康的“数字文化”。 3、艺术的发展也需要科学技术的促进与支持，但音乐还应该遵循它自身发展的规律，不可“为技术而音乐”。 4、计算机技术在发展的过程中有越来越注重软件技术开发的倾向，软件的发展，体现了计算机技术发展的方向，也是计算机音乐自身发展的要求。但某些软件开发的技术尚未达到相对成熟的阶段，这给广大计算机音乐家提供了一个施展的空间，应该大力开发有中国特色的品牌软件。 5、当下的网路传媒条件下，音乐传播生产有巨大障碍，应该加速建设“宽带网络”。 6、计算机音乐是相当有科技和艺术含量的工作，培养人才，我们必须解决一个学科设置的问题。传统的音乐教育面临挑战，而网络音乐教育将大有可为。 7、建立新的音乐生产机制以适应全球化的发展，加强音乐产业化运作。适度的经济利益可以保护音乐按它自身的规律健康发展。 计算机及网络技术作为这个社会占据支配地位的工具和媒介，在很大程度上打破了人类对空间领域的控制。它所创造的文明是人类精神的又一次释放，这正是艺术的本质要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sociology of music observes human’ s musical activities of the whole society, treating them as a kind of social production in a broad sense. At the numeral times that has the computer technology as core , the computer music emerges as the times required, which brings a series of new task. This article is to expound the current situation and essence of music production at the numeral times, thus help to establish a good pattern for music production.The contents of computer music are extremely extensive. All of the activities that employ digital technology and computer are being contained in it. Music digital technology’ s two cores (Audio - frequent and MIDI technology) came into being at the end of last century.Computer music challenges traditional music in every field o the music production.With the system of computer music, musician can obtain the unprecedented chance, In the formulating field, it offers the musicians with a powerful tool, enables them to abandon the traditional method, helps them to do the jobs such as musical creation , pilot run, printion, digital record etc conveniently. In addition, computer musical technology can lower the cost of musical formulating.Promote the emergence of the new musical style and school, as well as the ideas guiding artistic creation, open up new field for musical demand.After computers take part in the music creation, Internet became the main means of transmission. Such digital format of recording music as WAV file, MOD, MP3 and etc, as well as digital smartmedia which use HD and CD - ROM, all emerged. Internet transmission has new social characteristic, it reverberate through the whole music productionviolently.Music education and research are under great transformation too. Computer music has distinctive characteristic of being used as tool and extensive adaptability. It must cause great impulse to traditional system of amateur and specialized musical education from such respects as ideas, contents, means, method.Being faced with the challenge of computer technology, the development of music should not be submitted to technology. To establish a good pattern of musical production, the following must be grasped.1. Under the good condition offered by the computer and Internet, music fans should attempt to take part in the music activities, challenge the bands resulting from the division of labor in society.2. The prominent musician should be bold to learn and employ the music, carefully observes the political, economical, cultural phenomena appearing in the realities, but should not worship the methods and tools blindly. They should expand the humane spirit under the new historic condition, try their best to cultivate the healthy "digital culture".3. The art’ s development needs the promotion, and assistance of scientific technology, but it must obey its own rule, instead of "art for technology’ s sake".4. Computer technology pays more and attention to software’ s technological development in the course of social development. Software ’ s development reflects the direction of computer ’ s technological development, it is the demand of computer music’ s own development too. But some software’ s technological development, comparatively speaking has not matured. This offers a broad space to the computer musicians, who can develop the software with distinctive Chinese features vigorously.5. The production of musical transmission has a giant obstacle,under the current condition of INTERNET transmission, the construction of WIDE-BAND INTERNET should be accelerated.6. To cultivate the talent, we must solve the problem of discipline offered in the school. The traditional musical education is faced with crisis, INTERNET education has a broad space to develop.7. New mechanism of music production should be established to fit for the globalization, strengthen the industrilization of music production. The appropriate economic interst can enable mu更多还原