【作者】 柴萍；

【导师】 张保军；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 当今社会迅速步入信息化社会，信息对人类社会文明和进步正日益发挥着越来越巨大的作用，而以专家系统为代表的智能化系统在农业信息技术中占有重要地位。由于农业专家系统实现了信息技术与农业高水平的结合，对农业领域的科学研究和提高农业专家本身的技术水平，也具有十分重要的价值。 本系统通过对杨凌渠灌类型区等地有关资料的收集与整理，用雄风系列开发平台，并使用多媒体手段初步尝试制作出适合本地的冬小麦栽培管理咨询专家系统。包括从知识的获取、知识的表示和系统的运行。具体为： 1、知识的获取。通过参考了大量有关《作物栽培学》的文献，以及对前人的一些田间试验资料和实验研究成果和作物栽培管理经验加以量化和总结，主要是从小麦高效栽培标准化的角度，按小麦的播前准备、播种出苗、前期管理、中期管理和后期管理五大管理阶段进行整理。并使用AUTHOWARE软件来制作部分内容(如病虫害防治，其中使用了大量图片)。 2、知识的表示。对知识整理后，按雄风专家平台的规则进行知识的表示，运用正向推理的机制来构建知识库。知识库中包含所有整理的小麦栽培管理的信息。把用AUTHOWARE制作的内容进行打包生成可执行文件(.exe)插入。 3、系统运行。(1)播前准备咨询模块。包含品种选择(17种品种类型)、种子精选、播前晒种、整地、浇底墒水和肥料的施用等。系统在此阶段还提供了施肥决策，选择好你所需要的肥料种类，并输入系统所提示需要输入的信息，系统会自动给出最终的科学的施肥量。(2)播种出苗咨询模块。包含播种期、播种方式和播种深度，在播种量的计算中，只要用户输入系统提示要输入的信息，系统自动给出合理的播量。(3)前期管理咨询模块。包括文件前期描述、查苗补苗、破除土壤板结、适时冬灌、及时防治苗期病虫害和因苗管理(旺、弱、壮)。在冬灌中，如果用户需要进行冬灌，输入提示的信息，系统会给出灌水定额。(4)中期管理咨询模块。包括文件病害(7种)、虫害(12种)、生理性病害(15种)、常见杂草(13种)和化学除草剂(9种)、苗情诊断(旺、弱、壮)等。(5)后期管理咨询模块。包括病害、虫害、生理性病害、常见杂草和化学除草剂、后期描述、追肥、防倒伏、适时收获等，灌水定额可由系统给出，经济效益分析中，输入所要输入的数据，系统就可以给出最终可得收益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays we are rapidly walking into information society. Information plays more and more great role in human society civilization and advancement, and intelligentize system that represent for expert system have a great status in agricultural information technology. For agricultural expert system realize the unite of information technology and agricultural high-level, it also has a important value in science research of agricultural field and improving technology level of agricultural expert per se.This system use "XIONGFENG" series exploitation flat roof and accidence attempting make winter wheat growth management consultation expert system that fit to this area using macromedia method through collecting and arranging related data of Yang ling trench irrigation type area and so on, and include knowledge getting , knowledge expression and system running. Specific as:1. Knowledge getting. Through referencing a lot of <<crop cultivation>> literature and summarizing some farm trial data , experiment research fruit and experience of crop cultivation management of predecessor, arrange mostly from angle of wheat high-effect cultivation standardization ,according to wheat pre-sow preparation , sowing and seedling , prophase management, metaphase management, anaphase management stage. At the same time using AUTHOWARE soft ware to make part content (for example plant diseases and insect pests management, including many pictures).2. Knowledge expression. According to "XIONGFENG" expert flat roof, it expresses knowledge, use direct motion reasoning to set up knowledge ware. It contains all of arranged message of wheat cultivation management. The content that make of AUTHOWARE soft ware is packaged into executive file to insert.3. System running. (1) pre-seed preparation consultation model. Including variety selection (17 variety type) , seed selection, pre-seed shining, arrangement land, irrigation bottom water and fertilizer application methods. System also provide fertilizer decision, if select fertilizer type that you needed, and put in message that system point out, system may automatically give you ultimate science fertilizer quantity.(2) sowing and seedling consultation model. Including sowing period, sowing style and sowing method, in sowing quantity calculation, if user put in message that system hint, system may automatically give you adequate number.(3) prophase management consultation model. Including prophase description , investigation and remedy seedling , timely irrigation in winter, prevention and cure seedling period diseases and insects timely and management seedling with condition (exuberant, week, strong seedling) .In winter irrigation, if user need irrigation , it only puts in needed data, than system may give the quantity ofirrigation.(4) metaphase management consultation model .Including metaphase description, plant diseases(7 type) , insect pests( 12 type) , physiological diseases(l 5 type) , normal weed( 13 type) and chemical herbicide(9 type) , seedling condition diagnosis (exuberant, week, strong seedling) and so on.(5) anaphase management consultation model. Including anaphase description, plant diseases , insect pests, physiological diseases , normal weed and chemical herbicide , timely harvest, fertilize and so on, in economic benefit analysis, if you put in data that needed, system can figure out ultimate benefit.更多还原