【作者】 郭爱荣；

【导师】 卢博友；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 U型砌块是用来防止渠道渗漏而铺设在渠道中的砼砌块。中国是一个以农业灌溉为主的农业大国，农业灌溉用水占总用水量的大部分，其中又以渠水灌溉为主。由于渠水灌溉渗漏严重，造成了水资源的严重浪费，衬砌就是防止渗漏的最有效的方法。因此，U型砌块得到越来越广泛的应用。但是，总体来说，当前U型砌块的生产技术比较落后，自动化水平较低，砌块质量也较差。本文的研究就是致力于提高U型砌块成型机械的自动化水平，提高U型砌块的生产效率及产品质量。 论文针对西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院研制的WZJ-1型砼构件成型机的性能特点，对其进行了改进和完善，使之成为一种用可编程控制器进行生产控制、且容易纳入U型砌块生产线的成型设备。 论文结合国内外本行业及其他行业有关砌块生产的先进技术，对U型砌块的整条生产线进行了研究设计。从最初的原料的输送、称量、提升到搅拌机搅拌，然后送入成型机成型，成型后的成品送到养护场地进行养护，整条生产线采用可编程控制器进行控制，实现了生产的完全自动化。论文提供了生产线的控制梯形图。 论文通过剖析PLC面向生产的编程、控制和通讯特点，运用实时系统的开发技术、面向对象的设计策略、直接操纵的界面风格，全面考虑到平台设计的可重用性、可扩展性的要求，设计了PLC和计算机通信监控系统。利用现代编程新技术——面向对象技术，采用开发工具Visual C++6.0，利用通信控件MSComm6.0，根据MITSUBISHI FX_2N系列PLC的专用通信协议，以FX_2N为下位机，个人计算机为上位机、分别给出了上、下位机的通信程序。 在实际应用中，成型机工作正常，经模拟调试，可编程控制器的程序也能正常运行，可达到自动化生产的目的。生产线系统和通信监控系统的程序采用模块化设计，经仿真调试。基本可达到设计要求。各系统控制灵活、方便，易于改动。 本文的研究对于提高成型机的生产水平以及砌块的质量有着重要的现实意义，对于以后的砌块的大规模生产有实际的参考价值，为以后砌块生产线的开发奠定了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The U type Concrete Block is laid in the channel to prevent seepage of water. China is a big agricultural country based on irrigation. The great mass of voluminous water in China is used for irrigation, thereinto mostly for canal. The leakage of canal irrigation is so serious that water resource is badly wasted. The best method to preventing this phenomenon is to lay concrete block at canal. Consequently, the U type Concrete Block is used in channel more and more. But the most is in low production technique and bad automatic conditions, and its quality is worse too. The aim of this Paper is to enhance the automatic level of the U type Concrete Block Forming Machine, and improve its productivity and quality.Performances and characteristics of WZJ-1 model Concrete Component Form machine studied by Mechanical and Electronic Engineering College, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry are ameliorated in this Paper, which makes it become a molding mechanism whose production can be controlled by Programming Logical Controller (PLC), and can be included easily in the block production line.Combining advanced techniques about block production in this and other profession at China or other country, the Paper presents the design for the whole Concrete Block forming production line. The whole line, from the initial materials transported, weighted, lifted, stirred in pug mill and molded in forming machine to the finished product maintained at field, is controlled by PLC, and realizes the automatic production. The Paper presents the trapeziform chart for production line controlled.By analyzing Production-Oriented program, control and communication of PLC, and applying development technique of real-time operation system, Object-Oriented System Design and Direct Manipulation feature, and roundly pondering on the requires of platform design’s recycle and expansibility, the communication and monitor system between PLC and PC are devised. Using the modern programming technique--Object-Oriented Paradigm (OOP), the programming language visualC++6.0 and ActiveX mscomm6.0, based on the proprietary corresponding protocol of MITSUBISHI FX2N series, the Paper gives out the communication program for PLC and PC respectively.The forming machine works normally in the actual application. Through simulant debugging, the program of PLC can work normally too, and can realize the objective to product automatically. All program of production line system and control and monitor system are designed for modularization, which comes to the aim largely by the emulational debugging. Each control system is flexible, simple and easy to change.The study of this Paper has actual significance for enhancing the productive level of forming machine and Concrete Block’s quality, similarly to its large-scale production, and also establishes the academic base for the development of block production line in the future.更多还原