新型高效节能换热设备装配模块研究与开发

【作者】 古新；

【导师】 刘敏珊；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 重大过程装备——换热设备广泛用于石油、化工、化肥、动力、核电、冶金、环保、轻工等国家支柱和基础产业中，管壳式换热器由于结构可靠，技术成熟，适用面广，是目前国内换热设备的主要结构形式。其主要作用是完成工艺过程的热量交换和余热利用，其性能的优劣对工业过程的投资、能耗及安全经济运行等起着重要作用。纵流壳程换热设备作为新一代节能降耗设备，具有优良的防流体诱导振动性能、传热性能好、流体流动阻力小、抗结垢能力强、使用寿命长、重量轻、节约材料等显著优点。 长期以来，热力系统中换热网络及其换热设备的设计以传统的半经验为主，所设计的热力系统能耗较高、换热设备体积较大、设计成本高、周期长，材料和能源的浪费严重，已不能适应高效、节能、低成本的发展趋势。计算机辅助设计技术是20世纪最杰出的工程技术成果之一，是利用高新技术改造传统产业、加快国民经济发展的一项关键新技术。将换热设备设计技术与现代计算机及其应用技术相结合，开发换热设备现代设计制造技术，不仅能够降低设计成本、缩短设计周期、提高设计质量与效率，对于提高我国能源利用率和节能降耗技术水平，加快高效节能新产品、新技术的推广应用，将有现实而深远的意义。 论文研究内容来源于河南省重大科技攻关计划“重大过程装备三维CAD/CAE/CAPP/VM与网络化技术的研究与应用”，重大过程装备三维CAD技术在整个系统中占据首要位置，是系统中其它部分的基础。其中对换热设备进行三维CAD数字化建模和虚拟装配研究，开发出新型高效节能换热设备装配模块以提供进行虚拟装配的环境和手段，完整全面的描述产品信息，为后续工作提供整机装配模型，对产品装配过程进行模拟，检测装配过程中的干涉，评估产品的装配性能，从而在设计阶段确保产品的可装配性，为系统在高层次上集成进而实现全数字化虚拟设备的开发奠定基础。 本文所做的工作，集中于换热设备三维CAD数字化建模和装配仿真研究，并在分析研究新型高效节能换热设备的结构和功能特点的基础上，采用面向对象的编程思想和设计方法，以三维造型和装配软件MDT为开发平台，借助于ActiveX自动化界面技术和VBA集成开发环境，进行新型高效节能换热设备装配模块的研究与开 郑州大学硕士学徒论文发，论文主要针对以下几个方面进行了论述、研究和创新性工作:1、论述和研究了新型高效节能换热设备装配模块开发的相关理论和开发技术，包括 面向对象理论、ActiveX自动化界面(ActiveX Automation Interface)技术及其在 新型高效节能换热设备装配模块中的应用、装配模型的概念和建模理论、MDT 的VBA二次开发技术等。探索了以上理论和技术在新型高效节能换热设备装配 造型设计中的应用。2、在对新型高效节能换热设备结构和功能特点以及计算机应用技术在机械工程领 域中的发展现状和趋势进行分析研究的基础上，创新性地将新型高效节能换热设 备设计技术与三维造型和装配软件MDT二次开发技术相结合，首次研究并开发 出了集新型高效节能换热设备零部件三维实体造型、三维装配造型、装配 干涉检验、质量特征查询、二维工程图自动绘制于一体的新型高效节能换 热设备设计软件一一新型高效节能换热设备装配模块。首次对模块的总体 结构进行了规划，模块划分为零部件造型子模块、零部件调入子模块、零部件装 配子模块、三维场景创建子模块、二维工程图创建子模块等五个子模块，包含新 型高效节能换热设备零部件三维实体模型库。在模块总体结构的框架下对各个子 模块的内部结构和功能进行了划分和定义，完成了模块原型的开发。玉对新型高效节能换热设备装配模块实现过程中涉及到的关键技术和主要内容，如 MDT对象组和对象的引用、释放、模块中VBA工程的创建和加载、宏的创建和 运行、下拉菜单的定制、图形交互界面的实现、VBA中非标准控件的编写、二 维工程图中工程信息的标注与添加、错误处理机制等，进行了深入研究，并通过 编制程序代码，实现了各个子模块的相应功能，编写和定制了新型高效节能换热 设备装配模块的图形化用户界面，提供了方便、简捷、友好的人机交互方式，实 现了模块在MDT开发平台下的运行。 本文研究了新型高效节能换热设备装配造型设计与CAD技术相结合实现新型高效节能换热设备装配模块的理论和方法，并对模块的实现方法进行了实践，开发新型高效节能换热设备装配模块。模块采用零部件拼装的设计模式，建立新型高效节能换热设备整机装配模型，其操作性及效率远远超过二维CAD。不仅可以以非常直观的方式建立虚拟的换热设备真实产品装配模型，还解决了产品装配后的零部件之间静态干涉检验问题，以及装配模型的分解视图(爆炸图)的表 郑州大学硕士学徒论文示和二维装配图和零部件图的自动生成，同时具备图框标题栏、技术要求、管口表、技术特性表、明细表等的自动添加、零部件质量特征(含质更多还原

【Abstract】 Important process equipment- heat exchanger is widely used in oil refining, chemical engineering, chemical fertilizer, power, nuclear power, metallurgy, environmental protection, light industry etc, which all are basic industries and mainstays in our country. Shell-and-tube heat exchanger is the major configuration in the domestic heat exchangers at present, which structure is reliable, technology is mature, application scope is broad. Its main function is to complete heat exchange in technological process and reuse remaining heat, and its quality plays an important role in the investment in industrial process, power consumption and safe economic operation etc. As a new energy-saving equipment, the Tubular Heat Exchanger with Longitudinal Flow of the Shellside fluid(THELFSF) has many remarkable advantages. It betters anti-vibration and anti-smudge performances, enhances heat transfer efficiency, and reduces the shellside pressure loss, also prolongs service lifetime, reduces the weight and saves materials,etc.For a long time, the heat exchange network and its equipment in thermal power system have been designing mainly depending on traditional half-experience, and just because of the great power consumption in thermal power system, large volume and high cost of equipment, long design period, huge waste of materials and energies, they have already been not able to meet the tendency of high efficiency, energy saving and low cost. CAD is one of the most important engineering technology productions in the 20th centry, which is a new key technology in alternation of traditional industry and promotion of national economy depending on top and new technology. Developing modern design and manufacture technology of heat exchanger by combining the common design technology of the heat exchanger with modern computer and its application technology, which is a practical and profound step can not only reduce design cost, shorten design period and raise design quality and efficiency, but also raise the energy utilization rate, energy saving level and accelerate the popularization and application of new production and technology effectively for our country.The subject of this dissertation roots in " The Research and Application of 3D CAD/CAE/CAPP/VM of Important Process Equipment and the Network Technology ", which is one of magnitude science and technology projects of Henan province. 3D CAD technology is the key research contents, and the foundation of the other parts in the whole system. It establishes the foundation for integrating system in high level and then realizes the overall digital virtual equipment in the future through studying 3D digital modelingand virtual assembly technology of the heat exchanger as well as developing the assembly module of it to offer the means and environment for virtual assembly, which can completely describe product information, offer overall assembly model for succeeding activity work, simulate the assembly process, check the interference of assembly, and evaluate and the construction of product in the design phase.The work completed in this dissertation focuses on the research technology of 3D digital modeling and assembly simulation of heat exchanger. On the basis of analyzing and studying the structural and functional characteristics of the New Type Energy-Efficient Heat Exchanger, this dissertation adopts object-oriented programming theory and design method, using 3D modeling and assembling software MDT as developing platform, and ActiveX automation interface technology and VBA integrated development environment as aided method, to study and develop the assembly module of New Type Energy-Efficient Heat Exchanger. The dissertation mainly discusses, studies and works innovationally as the following aspects:1. This dissertation has discussed and studied the theory and technology of developing assembly module of New Type Energy-Efficient Heat Exchanger, including the object-oriented theory, the ActiveX automation interface technology and their utilization technology in the更多还原