对我国CBA甲A联赛与NBA职业联赛的比较研究——从俱乐部外援引进、后备人才两方面的探讨

【作者】 刘汉平；

【导师】 王锦明；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 我国男子篮球甲A联赛自95年举办以来，我国篮球运动获得了很快的发展，其水平逐步提高，市场逐渐升温，关心、参与篮球运动的人数也在不断的增加，取得了令人欣喜的成绩。但是联赛本身存在着一些不足，本文选取了两个方面进行研究：后备人才，外援的引进。本文以参加2002-2003赛季中国男子篮球甲A职业联赛中的12个俱乐部为研究对象，采用问卷、访问、比较、数理统计等研究方法，在研究美国男篮职业联赛NBA的基础上，对我国男子篮球俱乐部的后备人才、外援引进现状进行了分析，最后得出结论是： 1.我国男子职业篮球联赛引进外援，提高了我国篮球技战术水平，活跃了球市，起到了积极的作用。 2.美国大学生联赛NCAA为职业联赛提供了大量的后备人才。而我国大学生联赛CUBA开展时间短，存在教练员实践经验不够、优秀运动员资源不足等方面因素，暂时不可能很好的为职业联赛提供人才储备。 3.受我国长期计划经济体制的影响，我国篮球后备人才主要以"举国体制"为主，"少体校-青年队-国家队"的培养模式，俱乐部后备人才靠自身二线队伍培养。发展对策是：1. 外援的加盟，给中国篮球市场带来了积极意义，但在外援的引进过程中存在一定的问题。2. 我国可尝试使用NBA的"选秀"、"工资限额"制度，以解决资金匮乏，引进外援途径不通畅的问题。3. 我国联赛应该走职业化道路，后备人才的来源应该是多途径的。现在篮管中心规定各俱乐部必须培养自己的二线队伍，应该逐渐放开，过渡到俱乐部后备人才自主选择、多渠道选择的目的。4. 充分利用体育部门与教育部门各自优势，加强二者之间的合作，共同解决后备才培养匮乏的矛盾。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese Men’s Basketball has been developing in a fantastic speed since the set -up of CBA, Grade A in 1995. The gradual improvement in skills, market and participants makes exciting achievement. However, some problems still do exist in association matches. The author discusses the problems from the following two aspects: the drafted foreign athletes in China and reserve athletes.The author picks up 12 clubs taking part in the 2002-2003 matches as the studying objects. By means of questionnaire, interview, comparison and statistics he analyses the current situation in the two points mentioned above and comes to the conclusion, on the basis of the research on NBA. Conclusion: 1. Foreign athletes in Chinese Men’s Professional Basketball not only contribute effectively to the improvement in skills, but also lead to an active basketball market.2. NCAA-National College Association of America Students offers a great many reserve athletes for professional association matches. Since CUBA-Chinese University Basketball Association only sets up for a short time, some problems arise, for example, the lack of coaches with rich teaching experience and top players. Consequently, it couldn’t fulfil the task of offering reserve athletes for association matches up to now.3. Because of the influence of the long-term planned economy system, Chinese basketball reserve athletes are mainly trained in "national system" pattern, that is "children’s sports school-youth team-National-team". And club reserve athletes come from youth team. Developing countermeasures:1. Foreign athletes who join in Chinese Basketball influence Chinese basketball market effectively. In China, it’s possible to try the system, for example, "NBA Draft" and "Salary Cap" which have been working in<WP=4>NBA. Then it can help to solve the problems of the lack of funds and the uneasy way of inviting foreign athletes.2. Chinese association matches should take a professional road with multiple sources of reserve athletes. Nowadays, Basketball Administration Centre requires that each club develop their own secondary line team and progressively come to the realisation of the selecting of reserve athletes in various ways.3. To make full use of the advantages of P.E Department and Education Department, strengthen their co-operation, and solve the problem of the lack of reserve athletes.更多还原