【作者】 燕启社；

【导师】 马同森； 李明玉；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 分析化学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 液膜分离法是目前废水处理领域的一个重要的研究方向，本文在前人工作的基础上，研究了非流动载体液膜处理苯胺废水及苯胺类染化废水；流动载体液膜处理对氨基酚废水。针对这两方面的研究目的，具体做了以下几个方面的工作。1.非流动载体乳状液膜的制备及其分离苯胺的机理以煤油为膜溶剂、Span-80或LMA-1为表面活性剂、盐酸为内水相，制取乳状液膜。用此乳状液膜处理苯胺废水，考查了影响苯胺分离富集的因素，主要包括内水相盐酸浓度、水相pH、表面活性剂的种类和浓度、乳水比等。实验结果表明，用LMA-1为表面活性剂制取的液膜不仅稳定性好，而且分离富集的效果也较好，当内水相盐酸的浓度为1mol/L、外水相的pH为7~9、表面活性LMA-1的浓度为2%、乳水比为1:15时，经过一级液膜处理浓度为500mg/L的苯胺废水时，提余液中苯胺的浓度可降到5mg/L以下，达到国家排放标准。2. 非流动载体乳状液膜法处理强碱性含氨和苯胺类染化废水的可行性研究以煤油为溶剂、Span-80或LMA-1为表面活性剂、硫酸为内水相制取乳状液膜，用于处理强碱性含氨和苯胺类化合物的染化废水，考查了表面活性剂的种类和浓度、内水相硫酸的浓度、外水相的pH值等因素对迁移率的影响。实验表明，LMA-1为较为合适的表面活性剂，内水相硫酸的浓度是影响迁移率的重要因素。当表面活性剂的浓度为2%、内水相硫酸的浓度为2mol/L的液膜体系处理含氨5000mg/L和含苯胺类物质为600mg/L废水，经过二级液膜处理，氨和苯胺类物质的迁移率可达98%以上，取得较为满意的效果。3.含流动载体液膜分离富集对氨基酚的研究以盐酸为内水相、煤油为膜溶剂、Span-80为表面活性剂、二—（2—乙基己基）磷酸（P204）为流动载体制取乳状液膜，分离富集水溶液中的对氨基酚时，考<WP=3>查了影响分离富集的几种因素，主要包括流动载体P204的浓度、表面活性剂Span-80的浓度、内水相盐酸的浓度和外水相的pH值。实验结果表明，当流动载体的浓度为4%、表面活性Span-80的浓度为8%、内水相盐酸的浓度为1mol/L、外水相的pH值为7~8时，经二级液膜处理，对氨基酚的浓度能从500mg/L降到1mg/L，低于2mg/L，达到国家排放标准。（GB8978-88）4. 非流动载体乳状液膜的稳定性及其在处理苯胺废水中的应用研究了液膜法提取废水中的苯胺和液膜的稳定性，考察了影响液膜稳定性和苯胺提取率的因素，主要包括：表面活性剂的种类和浓度、提取时间、内水相盐酸的浓度和混合搅拌的强度。实验结果表明：液膜的稳定性也影响苯胺提取率，选择合适的操作条件，液膜可以保持一定的稳定性，用于废水处理。在处理苯胺废水时，水样中苯胺的浓度为500mg·L-1，经过一级液膜处理，提余液中苯胺的浓度可降到5 mg·L-1以下，达到国家排放标准。（GB8978-88）更多还原

【Abstract】 The method of liquid membrane separation is an important study direction on treatment of wastewater. Based on the work of fore man, we have done a study on treatment of aniline wastewater and aniline category dyeing-chemistry wastewater with non-mobile carrier emulsion liquid membranes, a study on separation and enrichment of the 4-Aminophenol from aqueous solution with mobile carrier emulsion liquid membranes has been carried out in this article. Based on the studies , the following work were carried out.1.The effect of removal Aniline from wastewater with emulsion liquid membranes. The emulsion liquid membrane is prepared by emulsifying an internal strip phase(hydrochloric acid) with an organic phase. The organic phase consist of surfactant Span-80 or LMA-1 and an organic solvent (kerosene). Using the emulsion liquid membranes to treat Aniline wastewater. The influence of some factors on the transport of aniline was researched in membrane process. These factors are the concentration of hydrochloric acid, pH in external phase (wastewater), the kinds and quantity of surfactants, and the ratio of emulsion and internal aqueous phase (Rew). The experiment shows that , using the emulsion liquid membrane to treat Aniline wastewater, LMA-1 is better than Span-80, the emulsion which consist of LMA-1 is stable and the result of separation is better. when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 2mol/L, pH in external phase is 7~9, Rew is 1:15 and the concentration of surfactant is 2%, the concentration of Aniline is less than 5mg/L in wastewater treated by one-stage liquid membranes process when the concentration of Aniline wastewater is 500mg/L. The treated wastewater achieves the state emission standard. 2.The study of feasibility on treatment of Aniline category dyeing-chemistry wastewater with emulsion liquid membranes. <WP=5>The emulsion liquid membrane is prepared by emulsifying an internal strip phase (sulfuric acid) with an organic phase. The organic phase consist of surfactant Span-80 or LMA-1 and an organic solvent (kerosene). Using the emulsion liquid membranes to treat Aniline category dyeing-chemistry wastewater. The study examines the effect of concentration of sulfuric acid in the internal aqueous phase, the pH in the external aqueous phase, the kinds and concentration of surfactant, and the Rew on the transport of ammonia and Aniline category. The experiment shows that , using the emulsion liquid membrane to treat Aniline wastewater, LMA-1 is better than Span-80, the emulsion which consist of LMA-1 is stable and the result of separation is better. when the concentration of sulfuric acid is 2mol/L, pH in external phase is 10, Rew is 1: 5 and the concentration of surfactant is 2%,the experimental results show that 98% of ammonia and Aniline category compound is removed from wastewater containing 5000mg/L ammonia and 600mg/L Aniline category with two-step membranes process.3. The study of effect on separation and enrichment of 4-Aminophenol with emulsion liquid membrane. The emulsion liquid membrane is prepared by emulsifying an internal strip phase(hydrochloric acid) with an organic phase. The organic phase consist of surfactant Span-80, an organic solvent (kerosene) and mobile carrier. Using the emulsion liquid membranes to treat 4-Aminophenol wastewater. The influence of some factors on the transport of Amino-phenol was researched in membrane process. These factors are the concentration of hydrochloric acid, pH in external phase (wastewater), the concentration of surfactants, and the concentration of mobile carrier(P204). The experiment shows that , using the emulsion liquid membrane to treat Amino-phenol wastewater, when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 2mol/L, pH in external phase is 7~8, the concentration of surfactant is 8%, and the concentration of mobile carrier(P204) is 4%, after dealing with two-stage liquid membrane process, the treated water attained the<WP=6>drainage standard when the density of 4-Aminophenol is 500mg/L.4. Studies on liquid membrane st更多还原