【作者】 郝龙云；

【导师】 房宽峻；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 纺织化学与染整工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 使用不同类型分散剂对有机颜料进行表面改性，并应用一种新型粉碎设备(美国产M-110EHI型高压高剪切微射流粉碎机)制备出平均粒径在数百纳米的超细颜料水性分散体系，着重对影响体系分散稳定性的各种因素进行了研究。 实验中采用分光光度法测得比吸光度，以比吸光度的大小表征体系的沉降稳定性能。采用激光粒径仪测定分散后体系中颜料粒子的平均粒径及其分布，并使用扫描电镜观察颗粒形态。采用Zeta电位仪测定一定浓度梯度下颜料粒子表面的ζ电位。体系的粘度则使用NDJ-1型旋转粘度计，在25℃恒温下测定。 研究发现，在恒定压力(22,000psi)下，体系经25次分散后有最佳的沉降稳定性，且分散次数超过25次后，对于减小颜料粒径的作用已不明显。欲使颜料分散体系有最好的稳定性，对分散剂的HLB值有一定的要求。实验发现，对于颜料红22(C．I．pigment 22)，当分散剂的HLB值在13～15时，体系表现出最佳的稳定性及流动性能。分散剂的浓度对稳定性也有明显影响，不同种类分散剂的最佳用量各不相同。对于阴离子分散剂，最佳用量为颜料量的八分之一到十二分之一。对于非离子分散剂，当分散剂用量与颜料用量相同时，方能达到最佳稳定效果。对于高分子分散剂，最佳用量一般为颜料质量的四分之一。另外，体系的pH值对非离子分散剂的影响不明显，对离子型分散剂则有显著影响，一般在pH值为7～9时，离子型分散剂能发挥最大的分散稳定作用。共溶剂二甘醇的存在严重影响体系的分散稳定性，随着二甘醇用量的增加，体系的粘度逐渐增加，粉碎后体系中颜料粒子的平均粒径变大。体系的沉降稳定性在二甘醇达到某一比例时有最大值。当二甘醇在醇／水体系中所占比例为0.3时，对于各种分散剂，体系有最佳的耐温度变化稳定性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, a series of dispersants were used to treat the organic pigment. With a M-110EHI microfluidizer, the organic pigment was shattered into super-fine particles less than 200 nanometer and dispersed in water. The factors that affect the stabilization of the aqueous dispersion systems were also discussed.In the experiments, the spectrophotometer was used to measure the ratio of absorbency, which was used to indicate centrifugal sedimentation rate of the systems. The mean size and distribution of the particles were measured with a Malvern laser sizer. A Jsm-5600LV scanning electron microscope was used to observe the configuration of the broken pigment particles. The Zeta voltage of the pigment surface was measured with a Malvern Zeta meter. The viscosity of the system was measured with a NDJ-1 rotary viscosity meter at 25℃ .It is shown that the centrifugal sedimentation rate of the system is lowest after 25 dispersions at 22,000psi pressure. The HLB values of the dispersants have great influence on the stabilization of the systems. When the HLB value is 13-15, the system has best stabilization and rheology. The optimal ratio of pigment to dispersant was studied. For the anionic dispersants, the optimal ratio is 8:1-12:1. For the nonionic dispersants, the optimal ratio is 1:1. For the polymeric dispersants, the best ratio is 4:1. The pH value of the system has little influence on the nonionic dispersants. When the pH value is 7-9, the anionic and polymeric dispersant have best dispersion abilities. With the increasing of the co-solvent diglycol, the viscosity and the particle size of the systems both increase after treatment. The centrifugal sedimentation rate of the system dropped to a lowest point at some ratio of diglycol to deionized water. When the ratio of diglycol to deionized water is 3:7, the systems have the best abilities to endure the change of the temperature for all kinds of dispersants.更多还原