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近35年苏南典型地区的土地利用动态变化研究——以宜兴市为例

Land Use Change in the Typical Region of Jiangsu Province for Last 35 Years--A Case Study for Yixing City

【作者】 李昌爱

【导师】 顾也萍; 史学正;

【作者基本信息】 安徽师范大学 , 自然地理学, 2003, 硕士

【摘要】 随着人为活动的不断增强,地球陆地表层正经历着深刻的变化,土地利用/土地覆盖变化成为全球变化研究的重要内容。城市化、工业化已经成为当前我国土地利用变化主要表现形式,它必将对我国的土地利用结构和粮食安全产生深远的影响。 本文借助遥感和GIS技术,采用多时期连续对比法对FM,ETM+Pan等多源卫星遥感影像进行土地利用人机交互解译,获得了高精度的宜兴市1984、1992、2001年三个时期l:5万土地利用图。利用以上各时期的土地利用数据库并结合1966年Corona卫星影像资料建立了1966、1984、1992和2001年四个时期的城镇建设用地数据库。 充分发挥GIS技术在管理空间数据和属性数据、空间分析与输出成果图等方面的强大功能。通过对土地利用图的空间分析,结合社会经济资料,实现空间数据与属性数据的链接,建立区域土地利用变化动态数据库,通过土地利用变化空间分析模型的分析,进一步揭示出土地利用变化原因及趋势。研究表明:居民点工矿用地、水域和交通用地面积增加明显,耕地与林地显著减少,园地面积变化相对较小,且居民点工矿用地、水域和交通用地的增加是耕地减少的主要原因。 通过对区域社会经济等要素的分析,探求土地利用变化的主要驱动力因素。分析结果显示:宜兴市土地利用变化的驱动力可以归纳为经济发展状况、人口增长、农业科技进步和政策因素四类。 城镇建设用地扩展调查表明:1966~200l的35年间,宜兴市城镇建设用地扩展呈不断加速增长的势态,1966~1984、1984~1992、1992~200l三个时期平均年扩展面积比例为l:3.5:7.8。1984~2001年间城镇建设用地扩展面积509/0以上来源于耕地。宜兴市城镇扩展的驱动力可以归纳为经济发展动态因素、工业化进程和社会系统压力三类。 多时期连续对比法土地利用调查可以有效提高低分辨率图像的利用率和土地利用判读的精度以及调查速度,在县级土地利用动态调查中具有实际指导意义。对coFOI-la卫星影像历史资料的运用为早期的卫星遥感资料进行城镇扩展研究提供了经验,使得国内利用高精度航天遥感图像进行城镇扩展研究提前了10多年,为历史景观重建提供了有效手段和经验。

【Abstract】 With the strengthening human’s impact to the nature,the earth land surface 1sexDeriencing profound change.Land use/land cover change has become one of themost important study areas of global changes.Urbanization and industrialization aremajor types of land use change in China today,which will certainly have a deepeffect on the land use structure and food safety. In this paper,multi.phases satellite image including Corona,TM,ETM+datawhich reDresent the information of Yixing of 1 966,1 984,1 992 and 200 1,respectivelywere dealt with multi-bands composition,precise rectification,interpretatlon ma‘k establishment,computer assistant visual interpretation by the methord of multi。phase-sequence.comparison and integrated technology of RS and GIS.Vetor maps ofland use of 1 984,1 992 and 200 1 are attained by interpreting images above.By the data above and the image of Corona of 1 966,vector maps of expanding towns ot Yixing City from 1 966 to 2001 are acquired. The function of GIS are elaborated,such as managmg spatial data and attribute data.spatial analyzing and outputting ultimate maps Spatial data and attribute data are mated into land use dynamic change data base by analyzing land use map,investigation data and statistic data The reasons and tendency of land use change are discovered by mathematic models.The results indicate that the area of residential land,indusrial land,water and traffic land are extended;the area of arable land and forest are decreased;and the main cause of arable land occupation is residential land,industrial land,water and traffic land. The driving forcing of land use change are approached by analyzing soclal and economic factors in Yixing City The results indicate that the main driving forces are economic development.population increasing,progress of science and technology in angriculture and policy The urban expanding survey shows that area of city is about 12.4 times bigger in 2001 than that in 1966 it still belongs to accelerated expanding period.The rate of annual expanding speed of three periods is 1 to 3.5 and 7.8.50 percent of the area converted to urban construction land comes from arable land from 1984 to 200 1.the main driving forces of urban expanding are economic development,degree of industrialization and pressure of soc ial system The study shows that multi-source information integration technique and multiDhase.successive-comparison method are effective methods for survey of land use change at a scare of county level.The application of the image of Corona supplies the experiment for urban expanding study.

  • 【分类号】F301.2
  • 【被引频次】1
  • 【下载频次】298
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