【作者】 巴雅尔塔；

【导师】 钱翌；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 环境科学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市化进程的加快，乌鲁木齐市大气污染程度日趋严重，已成为人们普遍关注和亟待解决的问题。由于城市大气污染涉及面广和作用因素多等特征，因而，增加了大气污染治理难度。本文根据城市生态学和环境经济学理论与方法研究了乌鲁木齐市大气污染现状和成因，并提出了大气污染综合防治对策。主要工作如下：①参照环境空气质量标准（GB3095-1996）和上海大气质量指数法，对2000年大气污染物监测数据进行统计分析，评价大气质量，归纳大气污染物的时间和空间变化规律。②分析地形、地貌、区域生态环境、气候等自然因素和城市能源生产与消费、污染源的分布、市场失灵和环境政策等社会经济因素对大气污染的影响。③对燃煤锅炉与天然气锅炉供暖进行了费用-效益分析，估算出大气污染经济损失，计算了主要大气污染物实际排污收费与理论排污收费之间差异，分析了大气污染产生的经济原因。根据以上分析，本文建议通过提高用煤效率，调整能源价格，提高排污收费，制定大气容量产权，优化城市布局，改善城市与区域生态环境，健全环境法规，普及环保教育来实现大气污染综合治理，并为污染治理对策进行可行性分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the acceleration of urbanization process, the degree of atmosphere pollution has been gradually aggravating in Urban Urumqi, it has become the general concerns of public and the urgent issue. Because the urban atmosphere pollution characterized by the various elements involved and influenced with the various factors, which has increased the difficulties in the atmosphere pollution management. This thesis according to the principles and the methods of urban ecology and environmental economics studied on the situation and origins of atmosphere pollution in Urban Urunqi, proposed the integrated management measures of the atmosphere pollution. The main research as follow: ① On the basis of the atmosphere quality standards(national standard 3095-1996)and the Shanghai air quality index approache, conducted statistical analyses for the monitoring data of air pollutants, assessed the atmosphere quality, summarized the distributing patterns of air pollutants in space and time. ② Analyzed the effects of natural reasons as topography, landforms, regional ecological environment, and the social-economic reasons as the energy producing and consuming, the location of pollutant sources, market failures, and the environmental policy on the atmosphere pollution.③ Carried out the cost-benefit analyses for the heating of coal burning boiler and natural gas boiler, estimated the economic damage from the atmosphere pollution, calculated the<WP=6>differences between the actual pollution charges and the theoretical pollution charges of the main atmosphere pollutants, analyzed the economical mechanisms of atmosphere pollution. According to the above mentioned analyses, this thesis proposed by improving the efficiency of coal consumption, adjusting the fuel prices, raising the pollution charges, implementing the property right of the atmospheric environmental capacity, changing the urban design, improving the regional environmental conditions, amplifying environmental regulations, spreading the environmental education to realize the integrated management of atmosphere pollution, and carried out the feasibility studies on the pollution management measures.更多还原