【作者】 陈娜丽；

【导师】 王云普；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文包括三部分： 第一章 固定化细胞技术及其应用研究进展 本章综述了固定化细胞的方法、载体材料及其应用，详细阐述了常用的固定化细胞的载体材料，固定化细胞载体材料的改进，固定化细胞在食品与发酵工业、化学与医药工业、能源开发和环境工程上的应用，总结了固定化细胞的优异性能，并对未来的发展给予展望。 第二章 固氮菌的分离鉴定 本节利用阿贝氏培养基、联合固氮培养基，通过稀释涂板法、平板划线分离法，从土壤中分离出6种具有固氮活性的菌。对它们的生理生化性质进行研究，并做了初步的鉴定。 第三章 固定化固氮菌的制备及其性能研究 本章包括三节： 第一节 聚丙烯酸钠固定化固氮菌的制备及其性能的研究 首次以聚丙烯酸钠为载体固定化固氮菌B₃²、B₃³制备出具有保水、抗旱性能的多功能微生物肥料，利用正交设计优化了细胞固定化条件，使固定化细胞的含菌量达10⁹cfu/g，保质期延长至10个月，并利用红外（IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、热分析（TG/DTA）对固定化产品进行了表征，结果证明固氮菌已固定化于聚丙烯酸钠上。 第二节 球形壳聚糖固定化固氮菌的制备及其性能的研究 首次利用球形壳聚糖作为载体固定化固氮菌B₃²、B₃³，制备了一种新型的微生物肥料。三个月后，其释放有效活菌数是开始时的67.29％。并利用IR、SEM、TG/DTA对产品进行表征，证明固氮菌已固定化于壳聚糖上。 第三节 固定化固氮菌生物活性实验室研究 利用前两节制备的固定化固氮菌进行了实验室生物活性试验。结果显示，在限水条件下，固定化产品可促进植物提前发芽、出苗，提高出苗率。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article includes three parts:Part I: A review on research and development of technology of immobilized cells and their applications.In this part, the method of immobilized-cell preparation, the support of immobilized cells and their applications were looked back. Frequently used-support of immobilized cells and the application of immobilized cells in foodstuff and fermentation industry, chemical and medical industry, energy sources and environment engineering were discussed. Frequently used-support and the improvement on support of immobilized cells were emphasized. The excellent properties of immobilized cells and bright future were given.Part II: Isolation and identification of nitrogen-fixing bacteriaIn this part, 6 trains, which can subsist on non-nitric medium or on associated nitrogen-fixing medium, were isolated from the foot soil of maize. And also they were identified.Part III: Studies on preparation and properties of immobilized nitrogen-fixing bacteriaThis part includes three subsection:Section one: Studied on preparation and properties of immobilized nitrogen-fixing bacteria using poly (sodium acrylate) as supportUsing poly(sodium acrylate) as the support, the immobilized nitrogen-fixing bacteria have been prepared. The desorption capacity of efficacious living-cells on immobilized cells and the rate of desorption of that were studied by orthogonal experiment design. The desorption capacity of efficacious living-cell on immobilized cells reached 109cfu/g and that of the time of efficacy prolonged to 10 months. These immobilized cells were characterized by IR, SEM and TG/DTA. The results indicatedthat the nitrogen-fixing bacteria was immobilized on poly (sodium acrylate).Section two: Studied on preparation and properties of immobilized nitrogen-fixingbacteria using globular chitosan as supportThe nitrogen-fixing bacteria have been immobilized on globular chitosan and prepared a new bacterial fertilizer. The desorption capacity of efficacious living-cell on immobilized cells was studied. The desorption capacity of efficacious living-cell was 67.29% that of the beginning after 3 months. The product obtained was determined by IR, SEM and TG/DTA. The results showed that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria were immobilized. Section three: Study on the biological activity of immobilized nitrogen-fixing bacteriaThe experimental results showed : under the condition of limit quantity of water, the immobilized nitrogen-fixing bacteria have accelerated germination of wheat, increased the germination rate of wheat.更多还原