【作者】 周会；

【导师】 张木清；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 利用遗传交配设计对能源甘蔗9个亲本组配的20个组合、8个性状进行遗传分析，结果表明：地上部鲜重、锤重、丛有效茎数和丛重的遗传既受基因的加性效应也受基因的非加性效应所控制，但以非加性效应为主；株高、茎径和锤度的遗传主要是受基因的加性效应控制，地上部鲜重和锤度实生苗新植和宿根的H_B~2都在50％以上，而锤重的H_B~2分别为33.7％(新植)和54.4％(宿根)，而且锤重和地上部鲜重母本gca方差都大于父本gca方差，说明能源甘蔗育种中母本选择的重要性。配合力分析同时表明CP84-1198、科5、桂73-167和湛74-141是优良的能源甘蔗育种亲本；组合CP74-383×桂73-167、CP84-1198×ROC11、CP84-1198×桂73-167、CP84-1198×科5、CP84-1198×湛74-141和ROC20×ROC11是较理想的能源甘蔗育种组合。 在上述遗传和配合力分析基础上，选用CP84-1198为母本，ROC11等五个亲本为父本构建分离群体进行甘蔗亲本的分子遗传初步分析，结果显示，在供试亲本间扩增出的多态性引物中，RAPD扩增的PPB值为43.80％，平均PIC值为0.755；ISSR的PPB为46.30％，平均PIC为0.677，说明ISSR比RAPD的多态性检测水平略低，但重复性优于RAPD，利用其中的引物UBC845对四个半同胞群体分析，呈1:1分离；分子聚类分析结果与亲本的亲缘关系分析比较一致。最后，本文还对分子标记在能源甘蔗遗传育种上的应用进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genetic analysis was carried out for 8 characters on 9 energy cane parents and their 20 combination crosses with the NCII mating design. The results showed that the inheritance of stalk biomass, brix weight, available stalk numbers and weight per stalk was subject to both additive gene effect and non-additive genes effect, but mainly controlled by non-additive genes. The inheritance of plant height, stalk diameter and brix was subject to both additive gene effect. The broad sense heritability (HB2) of stalk biomass and brix was over 50%, and those of brix weight were 33.7% at the seedling stage 54.4% at its ratooning stage, respectively , which means that the selection would be done better at the early stage in the sugarcane breeding program. The larger general combining ability (gca) variances from female parent compared with that from male parent suggested that the female parent is much more important in energy cane breeding for biomass. The combining ability analysis showed CP84-1198, Ke5, Gui73-167 and Zhan74/141 were good breeding parents, and combination crosses CP74-383 Gui73-167, CP84-1198 ROC11, CP84-1198xGui73-167, CP84-1198 Ke5, CP84-1198 Zhan74-141 and ROC20 ROC11 were good crosses in the energy cane breeding program.The molecular marker analysis showed that 7 RAPD primers and 6 ISSR primers were screened from the polymorphisms among the entries. For RAPD markers, percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) was 43.8%, mean polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.755, and for ISSR markers, PPB was 46.3%, mean PIC was 0.677. The polymorphism detect level of ISSR was lower than RAPD, but repeatability of ISSR was better than RAPD. Genetic analysis of 4 Semi-coenogenesis group by using ISSR primer UBC845 resulted in 1:1 separation. Nei-Li cluster analysis result was consistent with genetic consanguinity analysis.更多还原