【作者】 周涛；

【导师】 李威宣；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在炼钢、炼铁过程中，钢水、铁液温度是其中最重要的参数之一。目前，世界上广泛采用消耗型热电偶来测量该温度，可是，采用消耗型热电偶存在如下问题：(1)测温探头为一次性，测温费用较高；(2)每次测量后必须更换探头，难以自动化；(3)不能连续或高频率测温。 现在，开发的消耗型光纤辐射温度计是一种全新的测量熔融金属温度的方法。它的测温精度与消耗型热电偶相同，完全可以取代消耗型热电偶。 本文中详细地叙述了辐射测温原理，包括其中的基础理论以及黑体辐射定律。这里面维恩公式是最重要的理论公式。 本文详细地叙述了消耗型光纤辐射温度计的理论及应用。这里结合了比色测温法。比色测温法能大大降低发射率对测温结果的影响，在最佳条件下，该影响可降至零。文中还分类详细介绍了光电比色温度计。 消耗型光纤辐射温度计的设计方案共分为三大部分：光纤测温系统、比色系统、单片机(数据处理)。具体步骤是先用消耗型光纤从钢水内部提出光信号，经过一比色系统转化为一系列数据，然后进行数据处理，最后得出钢水内部真实温度。 设计方案中的前两大部分分别是消耗型光纤和比色测温法的应用。第三大部分的数据处理是先用最小二乘法，然后进行傅立叶变换，可建立波长与功率谱(或能量谱)的关系，求出测温公式中最难测定的东西：B(两选定波长处的光谱辐射亮度—即能量之比)。最后求出钢水的温度。 鉴于目前普遍用热电偶测量钢水温度，在技术上比较成熟。有很大的参考作用，故本文举了一种用消耗型热电偶测温的例子，其测温结果与消耗型光纤辐射温度计的对比放在了总结一章中。 总之，消耗型光纤辐射温度计可以克服许多测温方法上的缺点，其测温精度与消耗型热电偶相同，测温费用又可大幅度降低，具有良好的性能价格比。它今后不仅在钢铁工业中，而且可向铸造及汽车领域扩展。更多还原

【Abstract】 During smelting steel and iron, the temperature for molten steel and liquid iron is one of the most important parameter. At present, its temperature measurement is extensively adopted consumptive thermocouple in the world, but adopting consumptive thermocouple has the following problems: (l)the stretch for measuring temperature forward for a time, so the expenses is higher. (2)after every time measurement, the stretch must be replaced, so it is difficult to realize automation. (3)it can not continually or in high frequency measure the temperature.Now, the consumptive optical fiber radiation thermometer developing is a new method of the temperature measurement for melted metal. Its accuracy of the temperature measurement is identical with that of consumptive thermocouple. It can totally take the place of consumptive thermocouple.In this text the principle of radiation temperature measurement is related in detail. There is included sonic basic theories and the law on the black object radiation.This text relates the colorimetry in detail and specially mentioned its ’advantage. The colorimetry can largely lower the blast-off rate which influence the result of temperature measurement. Under the best term, the influence can decline to the zero.This text is detailed to introduce some photo-electricity colorimetry thermometer.After these introduction is over above the article just enter myself designed scheme: use a consumptive optical fiber to take the light signal from the molten steel, and convert to a series of data by a thermometer system, then use the software method, and finally work out the true temperature of the molten steel.Here the software method use firstly the least squares method, then proceed Fourier Transform which convert hour field to frequency field, establish the relation of wave-length and power spectrum (or energy spectrum). According to the relation established, it can work out the most difficult measurement thing in measuring temperature formula : B (the ratio between the light spectrum radiation bright both selected wave-length, namely theratio between energy. ). Finally the temperature of the molten steel is begged out.Now that it is widespread to measure the temperature of the molten steel with consumptive thermocouple. This is the comparative maturity on the technique. Using thermocouple to measure the temperature has very high reference value, so this text explains an example in contrast with the consumptive optical fiber radiation thermometer.Consumptive optical fiber radiation thermometer can overcome the defects in many method of the temperature measurement. Its accuracy of the temperature measurement is identical with that of consumptive thermocouple. It can reduce lots of costs of. the temperature measurement. It has very good ratio of performance to price. It will spread not only in the steel and iron industry but also in the field of foundry and automobile.更多还原