【作者】 薄万明；

【导师】 顾必冲； 余贺元；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 关于港口装卸机械的选型依据、港口装卸机械的单机效率、港口装卸作业线效率、港口企业装卸作业系统即多条作业线综合效率、港口装卸工艺中装卸机械的性能匹配和效率匹配以及港口装卸机械资源优化配置问题的研究和理论方法还比较薄弱，港口装卸机工艺的选择、工艺系统装卸机械数量和等级的确定以及装卸机械选型尚没有成熟的理论依据。因此，探索建立一套分析方法和理论体系，提高港口系统作业效率的匹配程度，优化港口设备资源是目前亟待解决的问题。 本文围绕港口装卸生产中合理确定装卸工艺、合理匹配装卸机械以及建立基于系统效率匹配的装卸生产工艺和配机辅助决策系统，从系统分析、理论方法的探讨及系统软件开发的前期工作进行了一系列跨学科的综合性技术研究，得出了一套研究此类问题的较为完整的分析方法和理论依据，建立了适用于件杂货、散杂货、集装箱作业的具有一定通用性的数学模型和计算机软件框图，较为成功地实现了对装卸工艺和机械配备辅助决策的支持。本文共分八章。第一章阐述了课题提出的背景、课题研究的目的意义，概述了优化的概念和发展状况，简述了课题研究的主要内容。第二章分析了港口装卸系统的特性和货物、装卸机械、工属具的特性。第三章系统分析了典型装卸机械的效率，运用木桶原理分析了装卸作业线效率和系统效率。第四章论述了货物特性、船舶条件、工属具、装卸工艺等对装卸效率的影响。第五章根据对装卸效率的分析和制约装卸效率的主要因素分析，论述了提高装卸效率的途径。第六章建立基于装卸效率匹配的优化配机数学模型并给出计算方法，绘制了系统优化的流程框图，详细描述了在多种约束条件下系统优化的实现过程。第七章通过对装卸货类的分析，确定了几种占港口企业吞吐量比例较大的主导货类的最佳设备配置方案，根据几种主导货类的作业概率对装卸机械的合理拥有量进行了分析论述，给出了计算方法。第八章对本课题的研究成果进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research method and theory is still wick about the foundation of the loading and unloading equipment selection, the efficiency simple loading and unloading equipment, the efficiency of the loading and unloading line, the summary efficiency of all loading and unloading lines on port, and the optimum of the loading and unloading arts and crafts recently. There is no a ripe theory on that above. So, this paper attempt to set up a series of analyzing method and form a theory system on it to improve the efficiency of port and bring more benefit.This paper laid emphasis on the proper loading and unloading arts and crafts, the proper allocation of equipment and employs a CAD (computer added decision) system to this difficult problem. The theories and the CAD system are fit for all types of freights. This paper includes eight parts and the first part set forth the background and the meaning of the task in this paper. The second part has analyzed the characters of the loading and unloading system, freights and suspend equipment. The third part has analyzed the typical loading and unloading equipment and the efficiency of the produce line on addition using the "wooden bucket theory". The forth part has implies the effect of the characters of freight, suspend equipment and the loading and unloading arts and crafts on the efficiency. The fifth part comes up with the means of improving the efficiency. The sixth part sets up the optimum math model and give the method of calculating. The seventh part decides the optimal precept of the equipment allocation about the freights on the lead through-careful analyzing. The final part gives a prospect on the research fruit of this task.更多还原