南京地区攀缘植物园林应用研究

【作者】 许晓岗；

【导师】 汤庚国；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 攀缘植物是园林植物中的重要类群之一，在城市绿化中具有广泛的应用前景。本文通过对南京地区的常绿攀缘植物调查，选出6个具开发应用潜力的常绿种，它们是：络石(Trachelospermum jasminoides)、洋常春藤(Hedera helix)、扶芳藤(Euonymus fortunei)、南五味子(Kadsura longipedunculata)、宁油麻藤(Mucuna paohwashaniCa)、薛荔(Ficus pumila)。笔者对这6种攀缘植物的耐寒性、耐荫性、抗旱耐热性、生长节律、攀附能力五个方面作了定性的和定量的分析，研究结果如下： 1、南京及周边地区常绿攀缘植物资源调查。对南京及周边地区这6个种资源进行调查统计分析，观察评估其野生资源量和生长状况。 2、引种栽培。将这6个种引种栽培于试验地，详细观察了它们的物候期、生长速度、攀缘特性等。 3、依据实验地栽培植株和野生植株的观察及室内定量分析，其耐寒性、耐荫性、抗旱性、耐热性情况如下： (1) 在抗寒方面，经过不同低温处理12小时后，各个种耐寒性由弱至强顺序为：宁油麻藤＜薜荔＜南五味子＜络石＜洋常春藤＜扶芳藤。 (2) 耐荫性方面：经过庇荫处理后，用分光光度法测定这6个种的耐荫性强弱顺序为：薜荔＞洋常春藤＞扶芳藤＞南五味子＞络石＞宁油麻藤。 (3) 抗旱、耐热性研究结果。该6种常绿攀缘植物经过室外高温干旱处理后，其抗旱耐热性表现强弱依次为：扶芳藤＞宁油麻藤＞洋常春藤＞络石＞薜荔＞南五味子。 (4) 对6个种攀缘能力研究结果：攀附力强弱大小依次为扶芳藤＞宁油麻藤＞洋常春藤＞南五味子＞络石＞薜荔。 4、攀缘植物园林应用分析：对攀缘植物的配置原则、配置方法和配置实例进行了分析讨论，为将来攀缘植物的园林应用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Climbing plants, a new-developed landscape plant, has broad perspectives for application in beautifying the city. Through the investigation and observation of the evergreen climbing plants in the Nanjing area, the author of the thesis selects such 6 evergreen climbing plants with great potential for ornamental development as follows: Trachelospermum jasminoides, Hedera helix, Euonymus fortunei, Kadsura longipedunculata, Mucuna paohwashanica, Ficus pumila. During the more than two-year experiment of cultivating and nursing the 6 species, their biological features and ornamental values had been observed and taken down carefully. In order to provide theoretical support for applying evergreen climbers in the region of Nanjing or even the north to it in the future, the experiments focus on quantitative analysis of the coldness resistance, the shade tolerance, the tolerance to drought and hotness, the growing length and rate, and the climbing abilities of the mentioned 6 climbers. The research procedures and results are as follows:I. Survey of the resources of evergreen climbers in Nanjing region, including the detailed statistical analysis of the 6 evergreen species and careful observation of their wild quantities and growing conditions.II. The experiments of introducing, cultivating and nursing. 6 species are introduced and cultivated in the experimental samples of the author and their phonological characteristics; growth rate and climbing features are carefully observed.m. On the basis of the quantitative analysis of the experiments results both outside and inside,the author makes initial research on the coldness resistance, the shade tolerance, the tolerance todrought and hotness, the growing length and rate, and the climbing abilities of them. The resultsare as follows:(i). The 6 species are treated by the low temperature. The results show their coldnessresistance from weakness to strongness is: Mucuna paohwashanica, Ficus pumila, Kadsuralongipedunculata, Trachelospermum jasminoides, Hedera helix, Euonymus fortunei.(ii). The results of the shade tolerence are: The spectrophotometric is used to determine these6 climbing plant species’shade tolerance. The results are described as follows, according to theorder from the strongest to the weakest: Ficus pumila, Hedera helix, Euonymus fortunei,Kadsura longipedunculata, Trachelospermum jasminoides, Mucuna paohwashanica.(iii) The results of drought and heat resistance and tolerance are described as follows: according to the order from the strongest to the weakest: Euonymus fortunei, Mucuna paohwashanica. Hedera helix, Trachelospermum jasminoides, Ficus pumila, Kadsura longipedunculata.(iv) The Climbing Ability Experiment show that Euonymus fortunei has the strongest climbing ability, following it in order are Mucuna paohwashanica, Hedera helix, Kadsura longipedunculata, Trachelospermumjasminoides.and Ficus pumila.TV. The landscape application of climbing plants. The disposal principles of the climbers, the ways of disposing and the examples of disposing are analyzed and discussed in the thesis with the view to give references for the climbers’ ornamental application in the future.更多还原