【作者】 徐精文；

【导师】 杨文钰；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 作物栽培与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以雅玉2号和成单202为试材，探讨不同浓度（0、10、40和80mg/kg）烯效唑浸种对玉米叶片光合特性、产量及产量构成因素的调节效应，以及对玉米籽粒品质的影响，结果表明： 1．烯效唑处理显著提高了玉米吐丝期单株总光合叶面积。烯效唑提高了雅玉2号上、中、下三部分叶片光合叶面积，以提高上部叶片为主；烯效唑对成单202上部叶片光合叶面积影响不显著，提高了中、下部叶片光合叶面积。 2．吐丝期穗位叶的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度的日变化均为“双峰”曲线。烯效唑对穗位叶光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度的作用随每天的时间而变化。除午休时段外，其他时间烯效唑对三者均有提高作用，但时间不同作用大小有差异，以峰值期的效应较大。 3．在不同CO₂浓度条件下，烯效唑均显著提高了玉米穗位叶的光合速率。40mg/kg和10mg/kg的烯效唑处理分别显著提高了雅玉2号和成单202夏季中午高温弱光下穗位叶的光合能力。 4．在空气湿度（实际水汽压）3.2mb～32mb的实验条件范围内，穗位叶光合速率随空气湿度的增加先增后降。在高湿条件下，雅玉2号的光合速率显著大于成单202。不论冠层大气处于干旱还是高湿条件下，40和10mg/kg烯效唑处理分别显著提高了雅玉2号和成单202的光合速率。 5．烯效唑显著提高玉米羧化效率、表观量子效率和水分利用效率（WUE）。雅玉2号的羧化效率和表观量子效率均高于成单202，但WUE低于成单202。 6．烯效唑提高了玉米产量，其中40和10mg/kg处理分别使雅玉2号和成单202产量提高6.94％和4.59％。产量的提高主要是依靠穗粒数的增加，穗粒数增加的主要原因是秃尖的缩短和行粒数的增加。 7．烯效唑提高了雅玉2号的粗蛋白含量，但降低了成单202的粗蛋白含量。烯效唑对二者的粗蛋白产量具有显著提高作用，40和10mg/kg处理分别较CK提高21.86％和17.79%。烯效哇显著提高了玉米籽粒粗淀粉含量和粗淀粉产量。 8.较低浓度的烯效哇处理，可使雅玉2号和成单202的赖氨酸含量均得到提高，适中浓度的烯效哇处理对二者赖氨酸含量影响不显著;高浓度的烯效哇处理降低了前者赖氨酸含量，却极显著提高了后者。烯效哇显著提高了玉米籽粒赖氨酸产量，40和10mg/kg的烯效哇处理分别较CK提高8.52%和9.24%。烯效哇提高了成单202的异亮氨酸与亮氨酸之比值，降低了雅玉2号的该比值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of soaked seeds with different concentrations(0,10, 40 and 80mg/kg) S-3307 on photosynthesis, yield and quality of Maize C.V.(Yayu 2 and Chengdan 202) were studied. The results were showed as follows.1. Total leave areas of signal Maize plant at silking stage were significantly increased by soaked seeds with S-3307. The upper, middle and lower part leaf areas of plants for Yayu 2 were all improved by S-3307 treatment, and the upper part leaf areas was mainly improved. However, the lower part leaf areas of plants for Chengdan 202 was decreased, but the upper and middle part was raised, and the lower was predominantly increased.2. The diurnal variation of photosynthetic rate, transprition rate and stomatal conductance of ear leaves were all double peak curves at silking stage. Except the section during "noon break". The effects of S-3307 treatment on photosynthetic rate, transprition rate and stomatal conductance of ear leaves changed with the time in a day. Except the section during "noon break", the photosynthetic rate, transprition rate and stomatal conductance of ear leaves were improved by S-3307 treatment, but increased range of them changed with the time, and that of peak time was greater than other time.3. Under different CO2 concentrations conditions, the photosynthetic rate for ear leaves of Maize were significantly increased by S-3307 treatment. Under high temperture and low irradiance in summer, the photosynthetic capacity of ear leaves for Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were raised by 40mg/kg and 10mg/kg S-3307 treatment, respectively.4. In the experiment condition scope of air humidity (real water vapour pressure) 3.2mb - 32mb, the photosynthetic rate increased first, then decreased as air humidity increased. Yayu 2 more suitablely grew at the moist ambient condition than Chengdan 202. No matter the atmosphere is under the drought or moist condition, the photosynthetic rate of ear leaves for Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were significantly raised by 40mg/kg and 10mg/kg S-3307treatment, respectively.5.The carboxylation efficiency, apparent quantum yield and water use efficiency in Maize leaves were significantly raised by S-3307 treatment. The carboxylation efficiency, apparent quantum yield of leaves for Yayu 2 were larger than that of Chengdan 202, however the water use efficiency of leaves for Yayu 2 were less than that of Chengdan 202.6. The Maize yield were significantly raised by S-3307 treatment. The yield of Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were increased by 6.94% and 4. 59% by 40mg/kg and 10mg/kg S-3307 treatment, respectively. The increasing of yield was mainly depend on the increasing of grain number per ear. And the main reason for the increasing of it was the decreasing of bald point length and the increasing of grain number per line.7. The crude protein content of Yayu 2 were raised by S-3307 treatment, but that of Chengdan 202 were reduced. Both the crude protein yield of Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were significantly improved. The crude protein yield of Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were raised by 21.86% and 17.79%, respectively. Both the crude starch content and starch yield of Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were significantly increased by S-3307 treatment.8. Both the lysine content of Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were significantly increased by lower concentration of S-3307, both of them were not significantly improved by moderate concentration, and the former was decreased but the latter was significantly increased by higher concentration. Both the lysine yield of Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were significantly raised by S-3307 treatment. The total aminoacid content of Yayu 2 and that of Chengdan 202 were increased by 8.52% and 9.24% by 40mg/kg and lOmg/kg S-3307 treatment, respectively. The isoleucine /leucine of Chengdan 202 was significantly improved by S-3307 treatment, but that of Yayu 2 was decreased.更多还原