【作者】 马军鹏；

【导师】 牛向东； 孟聪龄；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 山西民居作为中国传统建筑的重要组成部分，是一笔丰厚的建筑文化遗产，其产生和发展是社会、经济、文化、自然等影响因素的综合反映。由于明清时期商业与金融业在山西的发展，使得山西商人具备了建造精美住宅的经济实力。曹宅大院是山西民居的典型代表之一，它是在晋商文化影响下形成的特定时期、特定地域、特定经济条件下的产物，具有独特的建筑造型和空间形态。“寿”字院是曹氏“三多堂”的院落，始建于明末清初，它是曹氏家族进行经营决策、金融吞吐、巡视监管的总管理处，是集住宅、生活、娱乐、议事的大本营。这座大院占地10600平方米，由内宅、外宅两部分组成。大院的周围是高大的砖墙，宛如城堡，建筑布局呈篆书“寿”字型。这座院落，沿袭了明代古朴简洁的建筑风格，没有清代繁糜奢华的特征，反映了宗法社会的等级门第观念。这些特征从它的建筑用途、建筑结构、建筑造型、建筑的空间组合及建筑的装饰艺术上体现出来。 本文从当时的社会文化、历史发展角度出发，对曹宅“寿”字院建筑形态和审美等方面作了较为全面的分析和研究。其中建筑形态部分包括选址、规划、空间构成和营造技术等方面的内容。建筑审美部分包括礼制、天人合一、商人意识审美的内太原理工大学硕士学位论文容。在分析的过程中总结了一些传统民居的营造方法和设计思想，从而为今天的城市建设及建筑设计提供可资借鉴的思路和启迪。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the important component of Chinese traditional architecture, Shanxi’s vernacular house is an ample historical cultural heritage of architecture. It’s formation and development is the general reflection of many factors, such as society, economy, culture and nature. Owing to the development of business and finance in Shanxi during Ming and Qing dynasty, Shanxi’s merchant have the strength of building the fine residence. Large courtyard of Cao’s dwelling house is the typical representation of Shanxi’s vernacular house. It’s the result of given time, givenzone, given economic conditions under the influence of Shanxi merchant’s culture, and it has the particular architectural formation and space configuration. "Shou"-shaped courtyard is courtyard of Cao’s San Duo Tang , was originally built at the end of Ming Dynasty and at the beginning of Qing Dynasty, it is the general office, and the head management, where the Cao Family used tocarry on business decisions, monetary exchanges, inspection and control, and the headquarters combining residence, living, recreation and negotiation into one. This courtyard covers an area of 10600 square meters, consisting of an inner house and an outer house. The courtyard is surrounded by tall brick walls just like a castle. The layout of the construction is in the shape of the Chinese character "Shou" meaning longevity. The courtyard follows the simple and unsophisticated architecture style in Ming dynasty, without complex and sumptuous characteristics in Qing dynasty, and reflects the hierarchy and pedigree conception in the society of the patriarchal clan system. These characteristics are reflected through the architecture use , structure , from , space composition, decoration art of the courtyard .The article especially analyses and investigates the aspects of architectural morphology and aesthetics in "Shou"-shaped courtyard in Cao’s dwelling house from the view of temporal social culture and history development, among which architectural morphology includes the aspects of site selection, planning scheme , space composition and build technique, architectural aesthetics includes the aspects of social institutions, Tian Ren He Yi and merchant’s aesthetic consciousness . The author summarizes the building methods and design idea of some traditional vernacular house to offer the useful edification for city construction and architectural design.更多还原