【作者】 白玉柱；

【导师】 田取珍；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文首先论述了当前普遍采用的滚筒式采煤机的破煤机理和煤岩切削理论的发展情况，以及这些理论在生产实际应用中存在的问题，简要地介绍了冲击式破煤的落煤方法。其次，分析了煤岩本身的物理力学性质和煤岩在矿山压力作用下的特殊应力状态，指出了冲击式破煤较好的利用了工作面煤壁的受力特点和煤岩类材料的力学强度特性。然后，在理论上分析了截齿冲击煤壁时，在煤体中激发的应力波的种类以及这些应力波在煤壁中可以产生的各种破碎煤岩的效应(有应力波反射效应、应力波的会聚效应、应力波与裂纹的相互作用效应等)，指出：应力波在煤壁中激发的应力场在煤壁中不同时刻和不同位置上是变化的。最后在自行研制的煤岩冲击破碎试验台上进行了煤岩冲击破碎试验。从所得到的数据和拟合应力场与截齿在煤壁上冲击作用点间距离的函数曲线可以发现应力场，尤其是拉应力场的强度最大值是存在于离截齿一定距离的范围外的，而在与截齿相接触的煤体质点是不存在拉应力的，由于煤岩材料的抗拉强度较低，这就使得在距离冲击截齿一定距离以外的煤壁内才有可能形成大的煤岩碎块。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,I will firstly discuss the cutting mechanism of cylinder coal cutters which are used widely now days and the development of theory on rock and coal cutting. Secondly ,I will introduce the physical and mechanical characters of coal,at the same time,I will give the picture of especial mechanics state of coal under the mine stress.Base on these,I will demonstrate that the impact coal cutting is a good way of coal cutting that make the best use of physical character of coal rock and especial mechanics state of coal under mine stress.What’more, I will analysis theorically when impact bit impact the coal which kinds of mechanics weaves will be gendered and what effect these weave can bring to the coal(including the reflectness of weave,the congregation of weave and the interaction between the weave and crevices.etc),point out the mechanical spaces which is brought by weaves are changing with the time and the position in the coal.From the data and the curve-fitting which depict the mechanical spaces varying with the distance to the point which the impact bit act on the coal,we can find that mechanical spaces,especially the maximum of pulling force spaces,existence a certain distance to the point which impact bit act on.While the position which is near to the point the impact bit act on have no the pulling force spaces.更多还原