【作者】 唐晓川；

【导师】 孙春岩； 牛滨华； 李明；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文首先简要回顾了地震属性发展的历史，系统探讨了地震属性的物理基础及相应的一些算法，然后剖析各种分析方法和影响预测效果的因素。在对地震属性理论研究的基础上，将其应用于塔里木盆地桑塔木地区潜山构造的碳酸盐岩储层的研究。结合该区碳酸盐岩埋藏深、非均质性强，潜山构造普遍发育，潜山构造风化壳储层类型多样的特点，分析了地震反射信号的特征，对沿一间房组提取的层地震属性进行深入研究。通过局域振幅横向差异性、地震相波形分析及多属性交会法分析等技术预测了碳酸盐岩储层的有利勘探目标。最终提供设计井位6口，其中有3口已经完钻，两口井在奥陶系潜山见到工业油气流，一口有油气显示。 主要的研究包括：①根据桑塔木碳酸盐岩的储层特点，总结了该区的地震反射特征及油气分布特征；②研究出一种有针对性的地震属性--局域振幅横向差异性，来定量刻画潜山内部“短轴”杂乱反射能量团，预测缝洞型碳酸盐岩内部储层的平面分布规律；③通过对地震波形变化的分析，运用神经网络对地震波形进行有效分类，找出波形变化的总体规律，从而认识地震相的变化规律；④应用交会法地震多属性分析方法，对潜山表层和内部分别提取了5大类40种地震属性，通过一系列分析表层及内幕各自优选出3种、4种地震属性用于进行交会分析。结合已知钻井资料，对这几种属性进行聚类研究，圈定出聚类范围，通过映射建立聚类特征与研究目标的对应关系，不断交互修改聚类特征，最终实现对潜山储层的含油气性综合预测。 总之本文通过对地震属性的理论研究来指导实际应用，同时在实际应用中发展地震属性的研究。将地震属性的理论研究与实际应用紧密结合，探索出适合桑塔木地区油气勘探的地震属性研究方法。研究表明地震属性技术是研究碳酸盐岩的有效工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation first summarizes the development of seismic attribute. The theoretical basis of seismic attribute is systematically discussed. Then, the paper compares some kinds of analytical method of seismic attribute and analyzes the factors that influence the effect of prediction. These studies are used to guide the application, which develop the theory itself while meeting the need of oilfield exploration & development. On the basis of these studies, the method of seismic attribute is applied to the exploration of carbonatite in buried hill in in Sangtamu area, Talimu Basin. We use the seismic facies waveform analysis, seismic mutil-attributes cross analysis and the lateral difference of local amplitude to predict the potential exploring objectives in the area. At last, we provide six exploring wells. Among the drilled three wells, the two gain the industrial oil & gas and another is not good.As follows are the main studies.(1)Based on the characteristics of carbonatite reservoir in Sangtamu area, we summarize the type of seismic reflection and the distribution of oil and gas.(2)Through the study of the lateral difference of local amplitude, which can predict the short, unorderly reflective energy gobbet of carbonatite reservior, we study the distribution of carbonatite reservoir with crack.(3)Analyzing the change of the seismic waveform, applying nerve network method to classify the seismic waveform, find the rule of its change, recognizing the change rule of seismic facies.(4)Applying the seismic multi-attribute cross method to study the surface and inner of carbonatite reservoir in buried hill. We first extract the 5 kinds of seismic attribute. Through a series of choices, we find those seismic attributes that are sensitive to the change of carbonatite reservoir. Accompanying the geological study and the information of the wells, we analyze the characteristics of clustering of the choice seismic attributes to relate to the change of the carbonatite reservoir. Modifying the values of the clustering to fit to the result of wells, predict the potential oil and gas of carbonatite reservoir in Sangtamu area.All in all, the dissertation applies the theory of seismic attribute to guide the practical application, at the same time, developing the study of theory in practice. Closely connecting the theory of seismic attribute with its application, we study the method to fit to the exploration of carbonatite reservoir in Sangtamu area. The result demonstrates the method of seismic attribute is an effective tool to study carbonatite reservoir.更多还原