高中生物学教学中计算机辅助教学的现状调查研究

【作者】 朱红；

【导师】 陈继贞；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会的发展，人才的竞争日益激烈，各国都把发展教育看作一项重要任务。以计算机为代表的信息技术应用于教育，使教育发生了一系列的变革，也给教学工作带来了新的契机。计算机辅助教学是计算机应用于教育的一个重要方面，它是指以计算机为教学媒体帮助教师处理或传递教学信息所进行的教学活动。生物学教学是基础教育中的重要组成部分，是实施素质教育的重要途径。计算机特别是多媒体技术的应用给生物学教学提供了新的现代化教学工具与手段，对于提高生物学课堂教学效率，促进学生对生物学知识的理解，培养学生的综合素质有着极其重要的意义。 本论文主要通过对山东省高中生物学教学中计算机辅助教学的调查，了解山东省高中生物学教学中计算机辅助教学情况。文中首先从计算机辅助教学的概念、发展历史、理论基础以及优点与局限性等方面作了简要介绍；其次，对生物学教学中计算机辅助教学应用的学科基础、意义、原则、教学系统和方式等作了探讨。为调查工作的开展提供了理论基础。 此次调查主要采用了问卷的方式进行，对山东省各地市的190名高中生物学教师和310名高中在校学生作了问卷调查，并还与个别学校的生物学教师进行了访谈。调查的内容主要有硬件设施、生物学教师的计算机水平及培训、生物学教师和学生对计算机辅助教学的认识、课件的制作与积件、计算机辅助教学在高中生物学中的应用和校园网的建设与应用等六个方面，对山东省高中生物学教学中计算机辅助教学的情况作了详细的了解。 通过调查发现，山东省高中生物学教学中计算机辅助教学已取得了一些可喜的成绩：(一)在政府和社会各界力量的支持下，绝大多数高中学校的计算机硬件设施都有了较大程度的改善，基本能满足生物学教师开展计算机辅助教学的要求；(二)生物学教师的计算机水平有了很大程度的提高，特别是青年教师的计算机水平大多比较高；(三)多数生物学教师希望自己制作课件，并在自身的努力下，课件的制作水平有所提高；(四)计算机辅助教学在生物学教学中的应用日益普及，部分生物学教师对计算机辅助教学的应用已不局限于公开课和评比课，在日常教学中也开始应用；（五）校园网的建设十分迅速，已有近 70％的高中建成了校园网，为计算机辅助教学的发展打下了良好的基础。 但在调查中我们也发现了一些问题，如山东省高中学校计算机辅助教学在硬件设施建设、生物学教师的计算机水平及应用方面发展不平衡；大多数教师计算机辅助教学的理论知识欠缺，在一定程度上制约了计算机辅助教学的开展；多数生物学教师在日常教学中很少应用计算机辅助教学，不能满足学生们的愿望；教师对计算机的应用还停留在作为演示工具阶段，没能及时转变观念，把计算机转变为学生的学习工具；另外，教师还不能充分利用校园网，进行网络教学的探索等。 针对调查中发现的这些问题，我们提出了一些建议与对策：（一）加强教师培初，提高教师素质；（H）软件硬件并重，创建良好的环境；（三）合理应用 CA，重视学生主体性的发挥；（四）积极推进资源库建设，简化课件制作；（五）积极利用互联网，加强教师间的交流。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of society, the competition of talents is more and more intense, and every nation regards of development education as an important task. The information technology that is represented by computer creates a series of transformation in education, and brings a new opportunity to teaching. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) is an important aspect of computer application in education .It is a kind of teaching activity, which employs computer as teaching media to help teachers deal with and transmit teaching information. The biology teaching is an important part in the basic education, and the main content of implementing quality education. Application of computer, especially that of multimedia technology, offers a new modern teaching aid and instrument in biology teaching It has extraordinary significance in improving the efficiency of biology classroom teaching, promoting student’s comprehension of biology knowledge and cultivating students’ synthetical quality.In this thesis, we have known the situation of biology CAI used in Shangdong province senior high schools from investigation. First, the author introduces CAI from the concept, the developmental history, the academic foundation and the relative merits in rough. Secondly, the author discusses the its application in biology teaching from the subject foundation, the significance, the principle the teaching system and manner. These offer the academic foundation to survey.This survey mainly adopts the method of questionnaire. We carried out the questionnaire on 190 teachers and 310 students in senior high schools of Shandong province, and visited several biology teachers. The content of this survey mainly includes the hardware establishment, the computer level and training of biology teachers, the understanding of CAI of biology teachers and students, the design of courseware and integrable ware, the application of CAI in senior high schools biology teaching, and the application and establishment of the campus network From the six aspects above, we have a detailedunderstanding of CAI in senior high schools biology teaching in Shandong province.From this, we found some exciting accomplishments in CAI of senior high schools biology teaching in Shandong province. For example, (i)With the support of government and society, in most senior high schools, the hardware establishment have mostly ameliorated, which can meet the biology teachers’ needs. (ii)The computer level of teachers has been greatly enhanced, especially that of the young teachers. (iii)Most biology teachers want to design courseware by themselves, and they make great effort. Now their level of designing courseware has been advanced. (iv)The application of CAI is more and more prevalent in biology teaching. Some biology teachers applied it not pnly in open classes and evaluating classes, but also in common classes.(v)The establishment of campus network is very fast. At present, seventy percents senior schools have established campus network, which lays a good foundation for the development of CAIHowever, we also found some problems in the survey. For example, hardware establishment, the computer level of biology teachers and application of CAI is not balanced. Most teachers are short of CAI knowledge, which will restrict the development of CAI. Most biology teachers don’t apply CAI in common teaching, which can’t meet students’ desire. The computer is still a showing tool, and not change students’ learning tool, because the teachers don’t change their ideas in time. Teachers don’t make the best of campus network and explore network teaching.According to these problems, the paper put forward some proposals and countermeasures. (i)Strengthening teachers’ training and enhancing teachers’ quality. (ii)Attaching importance to hardware and software and establishing good circumstance. (iii)Applying CAI reasonably and attach importance to exerting students’ activity. (iv)Promoting establishment of resource library actively and simplifying the design of courseware. (v)Making更多还原