三代中央领导核心的中国现代化建设思想比较研究

【作者】 张国镛；

【导师】 彭承福；

【作者基本信息】 西南师范大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 现代化，指的是在科学和技术革命影响下，由传统农业社会向现代工业社会转变的历史过程。这一过程以工业化和经济增长为主要标志，涉及政治、文化、社会组织等各个方面的变化，是一场全面的社会变革。为适应这一“社会变革”而探索形成的有关思想(理论)，就是本文所说的现代化建设思想(理论)。实现中国社会主义现代化，是以毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民为核心的三代中央领导集体共同奋斗的目标。他们关于中国如何根据自身实际情况来规划和建设社会主义现代化的科学设计和构想，就是我们所说的中国社会主义现代化建设思想。 中国社会主义现代化建设，从探索、发展到创新，都始终凝聚着三代中央领导核心的心血。中国社会主义现代化建设，思想博大精深，内容广泛深刻，但其根本在于有关发展的目标和模式、发展的战略重点和战略布局，发展的战略步骤和发展的动力来源等。 以毛泽东为核心的第一代中央领导集体对中国社会主义现代化建设的目标、发展模式、发展重点、战略布局、时间跨度和战略步骤、动力来源等问题进行了长期而深入的探索，做出了开拓性的贡献，形成了初步的理论成果。在关于目标和模式方面，以毛泽东为核心的第一代中央领导集体，根据中国国情，提出了由“一化”到“四化”的目标；制定了坚持走社会主义的发展道路，走计划经济模式；在发展的战略布局问题上，毛泽东强调农、轻、重工业的发展次序和“地区均衡”；在时间跨度和战略步骤问题上，提出了“50年”乃至更长的时间设计，并据此提出分“两步走”的战略设想；在发展的战略重点问题上，提出“以农业为基础，以工业为主导”，但在实际中却强调的是“以工业为重点”特别是“重工业”；在发展的动力问题上，提出了把生产力作为根本动力的正确思想，但在实际工作中，则更多强调变革生产关系，夸大“政治运动”的作用，致使中国社会主义现代化建设出现了严重的曲折。 以邓小平为核心的第二代领导集体根据时代发展的特征，发展了毛泽东关于中国现代化建设的目标、模式、时间跨度、战略步骤、发展重点、战略布局、动力来源等思想，使中国社会主义现代化建设思想日趋完善。 以江泽民为核心的第三代中央领导集体在领导中国社会主义现代化建设中，在理论上丰富和创新了以邓小平为核心的第二代中央领导集体的现代化建设思想，创新了中国社会主义现代化建设的理论和实践。 三代中央领导核心对中国社会主义现代化建设目标、模式、发展重点、战略布局、时间跨度和战略步骤、发展动力等的探索、发展、创新，他们之间，特别是邓小平、江泽民对毛泽东的关于中国社会主义现代化建设思想，有继承有发展有创新。 三代中央领导核心关于中国社会主义现代化建设思想，相互联系，是一个有机统一体。三代中央领导核心在中国现代化建设上有相同的主脉（一脉相承），即始终如一地坚持社会主义方向，坚持发展生产力和科学技术，坚持共产党的领导，坚持马克思主义的指导，坚持改革开放政策和紧紧依靠广大人民群众等。但是，他们的思想是当时时代的产物，所以，有相同的地方，也有许多不完全一致的内容或表现。只要紧密团结在党中央周围，中国社会主义现代化建设目标就一定能实现。 文章共分五个问题：一是着重分析研究三代中央领导核心关于中国社会主义现代化建设思想的理论来源和产生的时代特征；二是着重阐述毛泽东关于中国社会主义现代化建设思想的基本内容；三是着重分析研究邓小平关于社会主义现代化建设理论的发展情况；四是着重说明江泽民对毛泽东、邓小平关于中国社会主义现代化建设思想的继承和发展情况；五是简单分析比较三代中央领导核心的中国社会主义现代化建设思想的异同。 通过分析研究，我们认为三代中央领导核心关于中国社会主义现代化建设的思想是一个逐步完善的科学体系，把握其内在联系，对于我们加快中国特色社会主义现代化建设是大有好处的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modernization refers to the process in which the traditional agricultural society, transforms into modern industrial society under the influence of scientific and technological revolution. The process is an overall social revolution with industrialization and economic growth as its major symbol, concerning all-round changes of politics, culture and social organization. The thoughts (theories) researched to match this "social reform" means the thoughts (theories) of modernization construction discussed in the paper. To realize China’ s socialist modernization is the common goal which the three generations’ collective leadership of the Party Central Committee, with Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zeming as its core, struggle for. Their scientific design and proposition about how to plan and construct socialist modernization according to China’s real condition is the thoughts of China’s socialist modernization construction by our means.China’s socialist modernization construction embodies the energies of the core of thee generations’ leadership of the Party Central Committee. The modernization has extensive and propound thoughts as well as wide and deepgoing content, however, its root is about the goal and mode, the strategic focal point and distribution of development, the strategic process of development and the power source of the development, and so on.The first generation of the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee, with Mao Zedong as its core , carried out a long-term research on the issues of the goal, development mode, focal point, strategic distribution, time span, strategic process and source of motive of China’s socialist modernization, madding an opening contribution and forming the initial theoretical fruit. On the issues of goal and mode, the first generation of the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee with Mao Zedong as its core put forward the aim of advancing "one modernization" to "four modernizations". The generation formulated policy of sticking to socialist way and planning economy mode. On issue of strategic distribution of development, Mao zedong emphasized the developing sequence of agriculture, light industry and heavy industry and the "regioned equilibrium". On issue of time span and strategic process, the generation posed "fifty years" or even more time, and strategic thought of "two steps" according to that. On the issue of strategic focal point of development, the generation suggested "agriculture is the base and industry is the guide". But in practice, it "focused on industry" especially the heavy industry. On the motive of development, the generation put forward the correct thought that productivity is thefundamental motive, however, in practice, it put more emphasis on changing production relations and exaggerated the function of "politics campaign", which caused the serious problems to China’s socialist modernization.The second generation of the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee with Deng Xiaoping as its core, in line with the characteristic of the time, developed Mao Zedong’s thoughts on the goal, mode, time span, strategic process, focal point of development, strategic distribution and source of motive of China’s modernization, perfecting the thoughts of China’s socialist modernization.The third generation of the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee with Jiang Zeming as its core, in leading China’s socialist modernization, enriched and brought forth new ideas to the thoughts of the second generation with Deng Xiaoping as its core theoretically, blazing new trials to theories and practices of China’s socialist modernization.The core of three generations’ leadership of the Party Central Committee has brought forth research, development and new ideas to the goal, mode, development focal point, strategic distribution, time span, strategic process and source of motive of China’s social modernization. Among them, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zeming, in particular, have carried on, developed and blazed ne更多还原