【作者】 宁爱兵；

【导师】 罗杰；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 为了使对象能够更好地自动适应环境的变化，更好地处理和描述面向对象系统中对象与对象之间的关系，更好地组织和管理面向对象系统中的各种对象，并使程序设计更加符合客观世界的本来面貌，本文把奥地利语言哲学家路德维格·维特根斯坦(Ludwig Wittgenstein)在《逻辑哲学论》(Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus，注：拉丁文)和《哲学研究》(Philosophical Investigations)中关于世界和语言逻辑结构的哲学论述应用到程序设计中，并结合现实世界中对象能自动适应环境(事实或场景)变化的特性(即对象在不同的环境中会表现出不同的属性和行为，有一部分属性和行为只有在某些特定的事实中才会表现出来，而有一部分属性和行为在某些特定的事实中一定不会表现出来)，提出了一种新的程序设计语言——面向事实程序设计(Fact-oriented programming——FOP)。 本文首先对面向对象程序设计技术和它的缺点进行了简要的分析，并扼要地介绍了维特根斯坦关于世界和语言逻辑结构的哲学论述，分析了同一对象会在不同的事实中表现出不同的属性和行为的特点；提出了一种以面向对象程序设计为基础的、以对象为中心的面向事实程序设计思想。与面向对象程序设计相比，它使对象更能自动适应环境的变化，抽象程度也更高，更便于处理对象间关系和组织对象参与各种事件，也加强了对象的封装和多态性。最后分析了面向事实程序设计的原则、特点、结构、功能、抽象模型形式分析，同时以具体的面向事实的实例进行了阐述。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to make the objects more adaptable to the changes of environment, more easily to cope with and depict the relationship between objects and organize the objects to take part hi all kinds of affairs, and in order to make the programming design more suitable for the originally reality of the real world, we propose a new-type and more abstract programming language ?Fact-Oriented programming language. It is based on the logic structure of language and the real world that was expressed in Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (The title is written in Latin) and Philosophical Investigations which were written by an Austrian linguist and philosopher (Ludwig Wittgenstein). In real world, a certain object will display different features in different environments and scenes, for example some features will only appear in a given environment or scene while other features will not appear in the same environment or scene.Firstly, we give a brief analysis of the merits and demerits of Object-Oriented technology, introduce Ludwig Wittgenstein’s philosophical views on the logical structure of the real world and language, analyze and introduce the features of objects that they will appear different attributes and behaviors in different environments and scenes. Then we propose a new programming language named Fact-Oriented Programming that is based on the Object-Oriented Programming and is centered on objects. Compared to the Object-Oriented Programming, Fact-Oriented Programming is more adaptable to the change of condition and more abstract and more easily handle the relationship between objects and organize objects to take part in all kinds of affairs. It strengthens the polymorphism and encapsulation of software. Finally we come up with the principles, characteristics, frame and functions of it and then illustrate them in program instances.更多还原