【作者】 李格琴；

【导师】 邢来顺；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 世界史， 2003， 硕士

【副题名】以二十世纪七十年代欧共体在中东问题上外交合作为例

【摘要】 本文以冷战为背景，论述1973年中东石油危机中欧共体的共同立场与外交政策。通过对这一典型案例的历史考察，揭示欧共体政治(外交)合作启动的内、外动因，透视二十世纪七十年代新的国际政治背景下欧共体外交合作的特点，并对它作出评价。 1973年中东能源危机中的欧共体外交合作，是欧洲政治合作(EPC)成立后欧共体形成共同外交立场的第一次实践，其中包括欧洲政治合作机制下欧共体内部怎样形成联合立场以及欧美在中东政策上的冲突与妥协。这一过程充分揭示：1．在二十世纪七十年代国际政治、经济背景变化的情况下，欧共体各成员国维护西欧整体利益和自身国家利益成为欧共体在中东问题上形成共同立场的主要动力。2．实用、松散、脆弱的政治合作机制和成员国的不同国家利益目标(内力)以及其对美国政策的不同反应(外力)，使欧共体在外交合作中所彰显的“独立自主”只是相对而言。 本文在对案例的历史考察与综合分析的基础上，进一步总结了这一时期欧共体外交合作的如下特点： 1．二十世纪七十年代欧共体外交合作不是一种共同政策，而是建立在政府间基础上各国外交立场的协调。 2．欧共体外交合作的基础是其内部逐步深化的经济联合。 3．二十世纪七十年代欧共体外交合作是欧共体政治联合过程的最初阶段，有巨大的发展空间。 二十世纪七十年代欧共体外交合作实践是欧共体(欧盟)政治联合发展的第一步。它的特性直接影响着日后欧洲政治一体化发展进程。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis discusses European Communities (EC)’ foreign policy on Middle East Oil Crisis in 1973 on the international background of cold war in the 1970s. Through the historical exploration on this typical case, the thesis attempts to probe into the internal and external factors impacting the beginning of European Political Co-operation (EPC), reveal the features of EC’ s co-operation in the new international political and economic situation and make the evaluation on EC’ s diplomatic initiative.European Communities’ foreign policy co-operation during Oil Crisis in 1973 was the first practice for EC to form the common diplomatic attitude after the establishment of EPC. This process contained how the member counties came to reach the common reaction to Middle East problem, how EC’ s co-operation conflicted with the US Middle East policy and how the two sides made the compromise with each other finally. The process elucidates that below:1. Safeguarding EC’ s regional interest and the member counties’ national interests were the main motivities of EC who succeeded to form the common standpoint to Middle East Crisis on the changing international political and economic background in the 1970s.2. The member counties’ different national aims and their different reactions to the US policy were the crucial reasons why the self-independence shown by EC tended not to be a true one under the EPC system which was pragmatic, loose and fragile.Basing on the historical analysis, this thesis further demonstrates the salience of EC’ s foreign policy co-operation in this typical period:1. EC’ s foreign policy co-operation in the 1970s is not a common policy, but an intergovernmental coordination .2. The substruction of EC’ s foreign policy co-operation lies in its economic integration that has been developing since the 1950s.3. EC’ s foreign policy co-operation which still has much potential to develop is the primary phase on the course of EC’s political unification.To sum up, EC’ s foreign policy co-operation has become the first important step of European political unification. It influences straightly the future development of European political integration.更多还原