羊蹄叶水提取物止泻作用及其机制的研究

【作者】 田作明；

【导师】 付守廷；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳药科大学 ， 药理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对羊蹄叶水提取物的抗腹泻作用及其作用机制进行了初步的研究。 结果如下：腹腔注射、皮肤涂抹给药羊蹄叶水提取物（YT）0.8，0.4，0.2g／kg对蓖麻油所致小鼠接触性腹泻，对Na₂SO₄等引起的渗透性腹泻，均有明显的抑制作用，使小鼠排便次数减少，首次排黑便时间延长；灌胃给药YT0.8，0.4，0.2g／kg对蓖麻油、硫酸钠等所导致的腹泻无明确的止泻作用，相反YT具有通便、泻下作用。上述研究表明羊蹄叶水提取物通过腹腔注射，皮肤给药，对多种腹泻均有明确的抑制作用，而通过灌胃给药则无止泻作用。另外，YT通过腹腔注射和皮肤给药（0.8，0.4，0.2g／kg）也可抑制正常小鼠小肠的推进运动，抑制胃排空运动而灌胃给药则无抑制小肠推进运动的作用，相反确有促进小肠推进运动的作用。上述结果表明YT通过腹腔注射、皮肤涂抹两种途径给药和灌胃给药的作用结果截然相反。 对于羊蹄叶水提取物抗腹泻作用机制的研究表明，腹腔注射、皮肤给药YT可明显抑制新斯的明所致小鼠小肠推进功能亢进，也可加强阿托品抑制小鼠小肠推进运动的作用，从而表明YT的作用机制可能与Ach有关，但家兔小肠离体实验表明YT对Ach所致家兔小肠收缩无明显的抑制作用。在家兔小肠离体实验中发现YT对组胺引起的小肠收缩有明显的抑制作用，此作用表明YT可拮抗肠道系统的H₁受体，从而抑制由于H₁受体兴奋引起的肠平滑肌收缩所导致的腹痛和分泌性腹泻，以及抑制组胺引起的胃酸和胃蛋白酶的分泌。小鼠给予α-受体拮抗剂酚妥拉明或者β-受体拮抗剂心得安后，对YT抑制小鼠肠道推进运动无统计学上的相关性，说明在该状态下YT的作用机制与α、β受体无相关性。扭体法镇痛实验表明YT也具有一定的镇痛作用，同时YT的家鸽止呕沈阳药科大学硕士学位论文 羊蹄叶水提取物止泻作用及其机制的研究 摘要实验表明YT还具有一定的止呕作用。综合上述的实验我们认为把YT作为止泻药的开发研究工作一定会取得可喜的经济效益和社会效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The antidiarrheal effects of Aqueous Extract of Rumex japonicus Houtt leaves (YT) and the mechanism involved were investigated in mis paper.The results showed that the secretory diarrhea induced by castor oil, the osmotic diarrhea induced by Na2SO4 in the mice could be remarkably inhibited by intraperitoneal(ip) YT 0.8, 0.4, 0.2g/kg and endermosis 3.0, 1.5, 0.8g/kg. The frequency of defecation was reduced and the latency of excreting black feces prolonged. Oral administrated YT(po 0.8, 0.4, 0.2g/kg) had no obvious effects on the diarrhea induced by castor oil and Na2SO4. However, YT as the references reported, has the significant cathartic and purgative effects. Above studies indicated that multi-type of diarrhea were significantly inhibited by YT administrated ip. and endermosis. In addition, the small intestinal transit in mice were delayed by ip. and endermosis. YT at the dose of 0.8, 0.4, 0.2g/kg. But oral administration didn’t show the similar action. It was concluded that the effects of administration of YT by ip and endermosis is contrary to that of administration by po.The Neostigmine-induced hyperperistalsis of the small intestine was inhibited and the inhibitory effect of Atropine enhanced by ip and sc administration of YT suggesting the mechanism of YT involved the antagonism of Ach. But the contraction of isolated rabbit ileum was not inhibited by YT. The contraction of the small intestine induced by Ach in isolated rabbit was not affected by YT suggesting that YT has the antagonistic effects on the H1 receptor in the intestinal tract, and then inhibits the bellyache and secretory diarrhea induced by the contraction of the intestinal smooth muscle due to the excitation of H1 receptor, the secretion of gastric acid and gastric proteinase induced by histamine. The inhibitory action of smallintestinal transit of YT was not antagonized by pretreadng with Phentolamine or Propranolol in mice, suggesting that the michanism of YT was not related with a and b-adrenergic receptor. YT could remarkably inhibited pain response caused by acetic acid. At the same time YT suppressed the emesis in pigeon. Taken together, it is the conclusion that YT, as an anti-diarrheal drug, must achieve delightful benefits of economy and society.更多还原