【作者】 韩雪松；

【导师】 刘新科；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 教育史， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 以终身教育理念为指导，我国教师教育应把教师培养的三个阶段(职前、入职、在职)整合起来，构建一体化的教育体系是《教育部关于“十五”期间教师教育改革与发展的意见》中提出的主要任务。这对于加快教师教育的发展，提高教师教育的水平，建设一支高素质的教师队伍，扎实推进素质教育，具有重大的战略意义。而一体化教师教育体系的核心是创建既体现阶段性、又体现整体性的教师教育课程体系。由于缺乏这一体系，致使我国教师教育出现诸多问题。本文以终身教育理念对我国教师教育的根本要求为切入点，提出了一体化教师教育的培养目标，结合我国教师教育课程现状，从新的课程观出发，对教师教育课程的概念进行了界定，并以多元素质的培养为目的对教师教育课程体系进行了重新建构，以求能对我国教师教育的发展有所帮助。 基于终身教育理念，教师教育课程改革必须把课程的重点从教材转向个人，树立课程即经验的观念，以便于使学习者能够充分发挥主动意识，最大限度地获取多方面的发展；应该把自信、能学习、能反思、能行动，并在学习、反思、行动中不断获得自我发展的自我成长型教师作为培养目标来追求。 以课程即经验为理论基础，以自我成长型教师为培养目标的教师教育课程改革，应该做到如下几点：第一，要突出教师职业的专业化特征。首先，要在指导思想上确立教师职业专业化的观念；其次，要明确教师职业专业化的独特表现；再次，要注意处理好教师教育课程构建中学科类课程和教育类课程的重新整合。第二，以教师多元素质的培养为切入点进行课程体系架构。自我成长型教师的基本特征是具有自我再生、自我更新、自我完善的可持续发展素质。自我成长型教师的可持续发展素质包括三个方面：学习素质、创新素质和实践素质。这三个方而相辅相成，统一于一身，教师的可持续发展才成为可能。因此，教师教育必须重视学习者这三方面素质的孕育、养成和提高，并以此为突破口，从宏观和微观上架构教师教育课程，在实践上实现教师教育课程的一体化。第三，要体现作为学习者的教师的主体活动，把以“活动促发展”作为一条原则，精心设计各种各样的教育活动，为学习者主体性的发展提供适宜的机会、条件、场所和更多的选择性。第四，形成既体现阶段性、又体现整体性的一体化课程体系。教师教育课程体系构建必须以终身教育思想为指导，从各个阶段课程体系的内在结合点——多元能力的培养角度出发，根据教师自我成长的发展规律，结合各个阶段不同层次的要求进行，使之各有侧重，相互衔接，前一个阶段的课程成为后一阶段课程的基础，后一阶段的课程又是前一阶段课程的自然延伸和发展。第五，应帮助和引导自我成长型教师个体对课程进行自我设计。教师的成长过程具有一定的规律性，又有一定的个性化特点。每个教师都要在依循规律的前提下对自己的成长进行规划、设计，反映在课程上，就是要在正确认识教师职业特性的基础上，对教师教育整个课程体系进行结构、内容、层次等方面的个性化建构。因此，教师教育机构确定的教师教育课程体系应为教师课程个性化的建构提供基础和留下充分发展的余地。更多还原

【Abstract】 The three stages of teacher cultivation should be integrated into a whole system based on the theory of lifelong education. The core of the whole teacher education system is the creation of new teacher education curricula system which embodies the periodic and the whole demand. There are many problems in our teacher education because of the absense of such a system. This article is based on the fundamental demand asked by the theory of lifelong education , it poses the new cultivation goal of teacher education, and define the new concept of teacher education curriculum according to the new viewpoint of curriculum and the reality of our teacher education . It rebuild a curricula system of teacher education which aims at the cultivation of diverse quality in order to give help to our teacher education.As the innovation of teacher education, the emphasis of curricula must be switched from the textbook to the individual according to the theory of lifelong education. We set up the viewpoint that curriculum is experience in order to make the leaner bring his positive consciousness into play sufficiently and develop himself in many ways ulterly. We should pursue the goal of self-cultivating teacher who is confidence, good at studying, strong on self-questioning and skilled in operation.The innovation of teacher education curricula is basded on the theoretical basis which say that curriculum is experience ,and what the innovation pursues is the self-cultivating teacher. The following goals should be achieved:The first, the innovation should highlight the professional character of the teacher. When we deal with the question properly of how to reform the teacher eduction curricula through combining the speciality curricula and the education curricula, we should set up the viewpoint that the profession of teacher is special ,and we should define the particular speciality of the teacher profession also.The second,when we frame the curricula system we should aim at cultivation of the diverse quality. The basic character of self-cultivating teacher is that he possess the important quality of the self-reproduction,self-replacement, self-perfection. The important qual -ity contains three kinds of quality:studying quality and blazing new trails quality and practice quality. The three kinds of quality act upon each other. Only when they are integreted into an entity,the lasting development of the teacher is possible.Hence, we should pay attention to the breeding of the three kinds of quality .And more, we should reform the teacher education curricula on the base of the three kinds of quality in order to achieve the goal of the integration of teacher education curricula in practice.The third, the innovation of teacher education curricula should embody the theacher’ activities as a leaner.We should design delibrately many kinds of teaching activities under the principle- "devepling through activity" , so we can supply the leaner the suitable chance, condition, place and more options to make they develop themselves quickly.The fourth,we should construct the united curricula system which embodies the periodic and entire demand. The construction of teacher education curricula system should obey the law of the teacher’ s self-growth, and it should vary with the different demand relating to the different period and the level. The former curricula should become the foundation of the later , and the later is the natural stretch and development of the former.The fifth,the innovation of teacher education curricula should help and conduct the self-cultivating teacher to design the curricula for himself. Each teacher should plan and design his own development on the premise of obeying the law of the teacher’ s self-growth.Therefore,the management agency of teacher education should leave sufficient developing leeway and supply the base for the personal curricula design更多还原