【作者】 卢耀辉；

【导师】 曾京；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着铁路运输速度的提高，车辆的轻量化显得越来越重要，减轻车辆自重，不仅可以减少原材料的消耗，有利于降低牵引功率，提高列车的运行速度，改善列车的启动和制动性能，而且可以有效的减少轮轨间的动力作用，减少振动和噪音，增加车辆和线路的使用寿命，节约运输成本。在客车的自重中，车体承载结构占有相当大的比重，因此，在车辆轻量化的过程中，车体承载结构的轻量化显得尤为重要。 车体承载的结构轻量化，要保证车体的强度、刚度、动态特性和耐碰撞性等满足提速客车的要求。本文利用ANSYS软件建立了25K硬卧客车车体轻量化前后的有限元模型，计算了车体的强度、刚度和模态，并对轻量化前后的车体作了对比分析；然后，用NUCARS动力学分析软件建立了25K硬卧客车系统的数学模型，分析了弹性振动对平稳性的影响，并对刚性车体和轻量化前后的弹性车体对平稳性和加速度响应的影响作了对比分析；最后用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件建立了25K硬卧客车车体轻量化前后的动态显式有限元模型，分别在5.8m/s和11.8m/s的速度下碰撞刚性墙，得到了车体的相对位移、速度、加速度和能量的变化过程，并作了对比分析。 本文的研究工作为提速客车车体的轻量化提供了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the speed up of railway transportation, the lightening design of vehicle seems to be more and more important. Reducing the weight of vehicle can not only reduce the consumption of the raw materials and the power of traction, and increase the operation speed and improve the starting and braking performance of trains, but also has the advantageous to reduce the wheel/rail interaction forces, vibration and noise, increase the service life of the vehicle and the track, and economize the cost of transportation. In the dead weight of the passenger car, the car body occupies the most part of the weight. So in the course of lightening of the vehicle, the lightening of car-body structure is very important.The lightening design of vehicle should guarantee the strength, stiffness, mode and crashworthiness of the car body in the condition of raising train speed. This thesis utilizes ANSYS software to set up two finite element models of type 25K hard berth passenger car body before and after lightening. The strength, stiffness and mode of car body have been calculated and compared for the two models. Then the dynamic model of the passenger car system using NUCARS dynamic software has been set up. The effect of car body elastic vibration on the ride comfort is analyzed. The ride comfort and acceleration responses of the car system with rigid car body model or elastic car body model are studied and compared. Finally by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, the finite element impact models of car body with a rigid wall have been set up, then the displacement, velocity, acceleration and energy variation of the car body are analyzed and compared for before and after lightening cases under the condition of impact speed 5.8m/s and 11.8m/s.The work of this thesis provides the theoretical foundation for the car body lightening of speed up passenger cars.更多还原