基于UML活动图的工作流过程建模研究

【作者】 吴建锋；

【导师】 彭江平；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 UML活动图是UML的重要组成部分，适用于系统动态行为建模和描述工作流，与UML的其他图形工具不同，它本质上是非面向对象的，而且其本身并不成熟，仍在改进之中，特别是在工作流应用方面。首先，UML活动图描述的是响应内部处理的对象类的行为，UML活动图通常假定在整个计算处理的过程中没有外部事件引起的中断，也没有时间的延迟，这就限制了UML活动图对一些复杂过程描述能力。第二，现实世界业务过程涉及的对象数据十分复杂，但是UML活动图的对象语义却非常简略，用户基本上无法从UML活动图中获取关于对象数据的信息，也不能确定参与交互的对象的特征。最后，UML活动图不能支持工作流过程的分析、模拟及优化，由于UML没有严格的数学基础，对于描述的系统模型目前缺乏严密有效地验证和分析方法，更不可能根据分析结果进行模型的优化。这就需要有一种方法来弥补这些不足，UML扩展机制和Petri网正是本文使用的解决方法。 本文在研究工作流、UML活动图和Petri网的基础上提出了一种基于扩展UML活动图工作流过程建模方法，该方法融合了UML和Petri网两种技术的优点。其基本思想是利用UML的扩展机制对UML活动图进行了有关工作流特性的扩展，包括引入空活动和带触发条件的转移以及定义对象构造型以细化对象特征。为了对建立的模型进行严密的数学分析和模拟，我们又提供了从扩展的UML活动图模型到工作流网的映射机制，用工作流网的分析模拟能力来分析过程模型内部的复杂的动态关系，根据分析结果可以对模型进行有效的改进。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although UML activity diagram is magnitude component in UML, which agrees with modeling system dynamic process and describing workflow, it is immature in itself with the characteristic of non-oriented-object and essentially different from other UML diagram, and need to be ameliorated especially when applicated in workflow, own to the following limitation:Firstly, activity diagram describes the behaviors of object class that response the inner action, so UML activity diagram is generally on the assumption of that there is no interruption caused by outer events during the process and no time defer, which limits the ability of UML activity diagram discribing complicated process; Secondly, User cannot obtain enough information of object data, and cannot make sure the character of mutual objects because of actually complicated Object and relatively simple object expression in UML activity diagram; Lastly, owe to lacking rigorous mathematical basis and strict, effective methods of validation and analysis, UML activity diagram cannot support the simulation and optimization of workflow, let alone optimizating the model based on the result.So this dissertation brought forward modeling method in extensive UML activity diagram, based on the research of workflow, UML activity diagram and Petri net, and with the fusion of the advantages of UML activity diagram and Petri net technique, whose main idea is to extend the workflow’s relative characteristics of UML activity diagram with the extensive system of UML activity diagram. To analyze and simulate the model strictly, this dissertation supplied the reflection system from UML activity diagram model to WF-net, used the ability of the analysis and simulation to analyze the complex dynamic relations in models, and improve the model effect on the base of the results.更多还原