【作者】 陈江平；

【导师】 张明；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在当代文学的视野里，王安忆是我国相当成熟、非常有影响的小说家之一。从二十世纪七十年代末新时期文学开始，二十多年来，先后创作了大量优秀的文学作品，而且至今还保持着不断生长和变化的状态。王安忆作为一名生活在上海的都市女作家，在她的小说创作中却始终对乡村和乡村书写保持着高度的热情，写下了一系列典型的反映乡村生活、乡村意象的小说。本文认为，王安忆的小说创作在进行都市书写的同时，始终自觉地进行乡村书写，这主要源于她的乡村情结，而且，她的乡村情结贯穿了王安忆小说创作的整个过程，并在各个阶段的书写中得于显现，引领着小说创作的不断变化和延展。文本主要是从王安忆的乡村情结、乡村书写的意蕴特征和审美嬗变以及乡村书写的叙述方式，叙事特征等方面进行了全面的分析和论述。 一、乡村情结：显性形态和隐性形态。乡村情结为王安忆打开了一个独特的叙事空间，而且以典型的乡村题材这种显性形态，反映乡村生活、叙写乡村故事，同时，以乡村意象和隐喻等隐性形态出现在王安忆的都市题材书写中，并对乡村情结的生成原因作了细致的分析，认为王安忆早年的乡村经历和经验，童年的记忆和母亲茹志鹃的影响，以及她的文学个性追求等因素，合力凝聚成王安忆的乡村情结。 二、乡村书写：意蕴特征与审美嬗变。主要论述了乡村书写的主题意蕴表达与审美呈现出的嬗变状态和过程。乡村书写以乡村为表现背景，展示人们在乡村的生活和生存状态。乡村书写并不仅仅是乡村题材的写作，而是在乡村题材的基础上，浇铸了书写者的乡村情思和价值判断。首先，乡村书写表现乡村真实生存状态，从“伤痕”描述到批判指向，又从乡村的温情礼赞到精神家园的建构。其次，乡村书写呈现乡村作为一种审美形式，王安忆在小说创作中，寻找生活的形式，她寻找到了村庄（乡村）作为审美的形式。再次，乡村书写与都市（上海）书写互为镜像。从拉康的“镜像”理论出发、论述王安忆的乡村书写与都市书写的关联，两者互为镜像、相互渗透、相互映称、“你中有我，我中有你”，从而确立了乡村书写的内核与本质、都市书写的民间形态，确立了城市与乡村的日常生活，也找到了城市与乡村的表达方式。 三、乡村书写：叙述方式和叙事特征。主要是用叙述学理论方法，从叙述者、叙述视角、叙述途经等角度分析王安忆乡村书写中叙述方式的选择与变化过程，以及对王安忆乡村书写所追寻的“四不”叙事特征进行阐释。 王安忆小说创作中的乡村情结，己成为了她小说创作的想像和叙事的现实资源、精神资源和美学资源。并推动着乡村书写持久地进行着，造就了王安忆在当代文学中的实绩和地位。她的乡村书写意蕴特征与审美擅变，以及艺术上的革新、变化追求，为当代文学提供了可借鉴的经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the view of modern literature, Wang Anyi is one of pretty mature and greatly influential writers. From the late 1970s (called New period of creation), Wang has written a large amount o excellent works. In Novel addition, Wang keeps the state of vigorous improvement and innovation in writing novels. As an urban writer in Shanghai, Wang keeps high inspiration all the time r country and country writing. A series of her novels typically depict life and images of countryside. This thesis proposes that Wang’s novel creation shuttles between urban and rural life. Wang conscientiously put her emphasis on country writing. All of these mainly originate from her country complex. What’s more, this complex runs through the process of her novel writing, and is presented in different stages. This guides the continuous change and expansion of novel creation. Based on detailed analyses of Wang’s country complex, her features o f implication and aesthetic variety o f country writing and her ways and characters of country writing as well, this thesis discusses her novel creation in comprehensive respects.The first part mainly deals with country complex: dominant character and recessive character. Country complex offers space for Wang’s unique narration. Supported by the typical country theme as dominant character, Wang’s writing illustrates country life and narrates stories there to largest extent. This thesis offers careful analyses to the courses of Wang’s country complex in terms of recessive characters.Owing to Wang’s early years of country life and experience, childhood memory, shade of Ru Zhijuan, her mother and her own seeking for literature personality, Wang has developed her country complex.The second part focuses on country writing: the features of implication and aestheticchange .It mainly state the expression of theme implication in country writing, and the changing state and process of aesthetic appreciation. Taking the countryside as writing background, Wang’s country writing displays people’s life and living state, which is beyond writing with the theme of country. Supported by the country theme, the author pours her passion for countryside and value judgment in her writing. For one thing, Wang’s country writing expresses the authentic living condition in countryside. The themes range from the description of "Scar" to critical guidance, from tender and courteous praise to the construction of spiritual homeland. For another thing, Wang’s country writing presents villages as a form of aesthetic appreciation. These, to greater extent, result from her heartfelt pursuit of lifestyle .In addition, Wang’s country writing takes urban writing as its mirror .From La Kang’s theory of mirror image, this thesis discusses the relation between country writing and urban (Shanghai) writing. Both of which are mutual mirror images. They permeate through and set off each other. Enlightened by establishing the core and essence of her country writing, folk modality of urban writing and everyday life in urban and rural areas, Wang finally finds out her own way to express aspects of urban and rural life.Last, but not least, is country writing: narration methods and features. In light of narration theory and method, this part mainly analyzes Wang’s country writing in terms of narrator, views of narrating and narration methods. Besides, it interprets Wang’s "Four nots" she strives to in her country writing.The country complex of Wang Anyi’s country writing has become the realistic resource, spiritual resource and aesthetic resource of imagination and narration of navel writing, It also initiates the country writing brings up the achievement and role of Wang’ Anyi in modern literature . Her country writings implication character, aesthetic change and innovation, changes of seek on art provide references and experience for modern literature.更多还原