【作者】 李秀海；

【导师】 侯淑涛；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 土地是人类赖以生存的物质基础，土地资源对中国的发展至关重要。充分利用有限的国土资源，有赖于政府高效和科学的管理与决策及国民对国土资源认识和珍惜。而这些都必须建立在对国土资源的数量、质量和时空分布规律的全面掌握的基础上。 卫星定位技术(GPS)、航空和航天遥感技术(RS)、地理信息技术(GIS)、计算机网络技术等空间科学技术和信息科学技术的发展及其相互间的集成与融合，促进了现代土地管理工作向着自动化、智能化、科学化、网络化和现代化的方向发展，为国土资源信息获取、处理和分析提供了全新的技术手段。 GPS以全天候、高精度、自动化、高效益等显著特点，在国民经济一些领域中得到了广泛的应用。本文对GPS技术在土地管理中的应用研究课题的一些技术前沿问题作了分析和探讨。介绍了GPS技术的概念、特点，概述了当今世界该技术的最新发展状况。阐述了目前我国GPS技术在土地资源管理中的应用状况，重点介绍了县(市)级土地利用数据库建设的现状，分析其存在的主要问题；介绍了各种GPS定位方法的概念、特点及应用；研究设计了土地测量控制网的技术方案和GPS技术获取高精度土地资源变化数据的技术方案，指出了关键技术的实现方法；探索了GPS技术在土地管理中其它方面的应用。 本文所做的研究，为土地管理工作提供了一种科学的方法，符合信息时代对国土资源科学管理和可持续发展战略的要求，有实用价值和推广价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land is a material foundation which human survival depends on, and land resources is very important for the China development. The full use of land resources depends on the government efficient and scientific management and the understanding and treasuring of people for land resources, which are established on the foundation of fully understanding the quantities, quality and distribution of land resources.The spatial and information techniques such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS), Computer Network etc and their integration promote the development of modem land management towards automatization, intelligentizing, scientizing, networking, and modernization, and offer the information acquirement, processing and analysis of land resources new technique means.GPS is widely applied in some fields of the national economy due to its features of all weather condition, high precision, automatization, and high efficiency. In this paper, some technique problems in application study of GPS technique in land management are discussed and analysed. The conception and feature of GPS technique are introduced, and the last developing status of the technique in the world is summarized. The present application status of GPS technique in land management is expounded, especially, the status of establishing land use database for county (city) level is emphatically introduced, and its main problems are analysed. The conception, characteristic, and application of all kinds of positioning methods using GPS are introduced. The technique scheme of land surveying control network and the technique scheme of acquiring high accuracy data of land resources using GPS technique are designed, and the realization method of key technique is indicated. The application of GPS technology in other fields of land management is discussed. The study in the paper offers land management work a scientific method, accords with the requirements of information age to the scientific management of land resources and sustainable development strategy, and has higher practical and spread value.更多还原