【作者】 李昊；

【导师】 陈晓平； 钱捷；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 基督教在世俗活动中由于政治利益方面的原因，也因为主教们的偏狭而对一些科学工作者犯过不可饶恕的错误，我们不能忽视这段历史。但以简单的方式看待宗教(基督教)和科学的关系，否认其对于科学的实际发生所具有的某种正面意义，则是一种轻率的行为。可庆幸的是，从目前的研究显示，特别是上个世纪初以来，很多学者都认可了这样的事实，即基督教的一些思想观念促成了现代科学的萌芽。具体到波义耳，人们看到了他在科学与宗教之间所作的某些有益的调和，这应当说是一种认识上的进步。但是我们同时也看到，这些新的认识还缺乏应有的系统性，即在那一特定的历史背景下，到底有哪些宗教思想观念对科学家们的科学工作和科学实验起过显著的助推作用，以及这样的作用是如何发挥出来的。 这里，我们就针对波义耳做一个科学史案例分析，具体、实证地分析其严谨的科学研究活动及其浓厚的宗教情结，从而探究出上帝作为自然设计者的观念对近代早期科学家自然律意识的确立、可知论信念的确立等方面产生的积极影响。也希望通过这个研究，对目前这方面研究的欠缺有所弥补，并从中发掘认识科学、理解科学的新的思路。 文章共分五个部分：第一部分从总的方面探讨了历史上对科学与宗教的关系、对波义耳的研究以及相应的文献资料；第二部分进一步说明了在17世纪那个特定的历史环境下，对上帝的忠诚和对科学的执着追求有机地结合在波义耳身上，这成为我们研究当时时代特色的一个范例；第三部分着重探究了基督教观念中到底有哪些观念对波义耳的科学研究产生了积极的作用；第四部分则进一步说明了波义耳在上帝观念的影响下从事的科学研究工作；第五部分是该论文的结论，深入、系统地分析了波义耳现象的意义及上帝观念的存在对科学家们创立近代科学所起到的预设作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the Role of the Faith in God in Boyle’s Scientific thoughtsChristianity do wrong heavily to scientific workers in the common activities for political benefits , also for the bishops’insularities. We can’t neglect this history. But it is a rash act to regard this relation between religion (Christianity) and science as a simple way and disclaim a kind of obverse significance what Christianity do during science produce actually. To our satisfaction, studies display, from the present, especially from the beginning of the last century, many scholars admit these facts that some thoughts or views in Christianity make modern science burgeon. To Boyle, people see that he had made some useful works between religion (Christianity) and science, which is a kind of progress in thought. But we also see, at the same time, that these new thoughts are short of system, that’s to say, under that especial historic underground, which religion thoughts, after all, do make clearly an acceleration to scientific works and scientific experimentations for scientists, and how does this impact do?In this thesis, we take Robert Boyle, one of the great founders of the modern science, as example and analyze carefully the role of his religious complex in his scientific activities. We can see more clearly by the analysis what positive influence the idea of God had in that age upon the formation of the concept "the laws of nature" and the belief that the human being can understand them. We also hope that this study can make up for defects in this area and can find new ways in how to get to know and how to understand science.There are five parts in this paper. Generally, part one has discussed the relation between the modern science and the Christian religion in history and the studies about Boyle and the Corresponding literature data; Part two make it clear further that loyalty for God and the firm pursuit for the science had been combined well in Boyle at that particular historic background in the 17th century, which is our example that we can study that times’s feature; Part three make it an emphasis that which views in Christian religion make an active impact on scientific works; Part four illustrates Boyle’s scientific works with the help of the views of God; Part five is the conclusion of this paper, which analyze deeply the significance of the affair about Boyle in philosophy, in science and its impact in history.更多还原