6013铝合金性能与组织的研究

【作者】 薛学功；

【导师】 章四琪； 马达卡；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 材料工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 采用铸锭冶金方法，设计并制备了不同合金元素含量的6013铝合金，将铸锭热加工以后，测试了合金的拉伸力学性能和时效性能，采用金相显微镜观察分析了合金的显微组织结构，研究了合金中主合金元素Mg、Si，微量元素Mn、Cu添加量、均匀化温度和时间对合金组织和性能的影响。同时，还研究了6013挤压铝型材的力学性能、耐蚀性和导电性。研究结果表明： （1）6013合金热轧、热挤压成型性优良； （2）6013合金中含量为1.18％Mg、0.96％Si、0.50％Cu、0.36％Mn时，合金的屈服强度σ_0.2、抗拉强度σ_b和延伸率δ都较好。6013合金实验热轧板材经固溶处理后于180℃时效4小时达到峰值硬度； （3）540℃、560℃、和580℃固溶处理25min、水淬，得到了固溶充分的固溶体，580℃的情况下晶界析出相未粗化、三晶粒交界处的角度未出现等分的120°，表明未发生过烧。组织中有强化相Mg₂Si相析出。 （4）铜含量高的挤压型材合金1，其强度略高于铜含量低的合金2，这是因为铜含量增加，可能存在的过渡相β′相等增多所致。 （5）2号挤压型材合金的耐蚀性比1号合金好，二者均比6063合金稍差。这与合金中铜含量密切相关。 （6）6013合金的电阻率比6063合金的电阻率稍高，而导电率比6063合金的稍低，这是由于6013合金的合金化程度高于6063合金所致。 （7）6013合金轧制管材尺寸及外观质量：φ130±0.5×7^-0.5mm， ，／7液大学工怒倾士学泣材广内外表面光滑，无起皮、气泡、分层、夹渣、裂纹、外来夹杂物、腐蚀斑点等；抗拉强度 6。为 31 7MPa，屈服强度 6们为 292MPa，延伸率6为 14饰更多还原

【Abstract】 6013 aluminum alloys containing different main alloying elements minor alloying elements were designed and prepared by ingot-metallurgy processing . The tesile mechanical and aging properties of the studied alloys were tested ; the microstructure of those alloys were observed and analyzed using optical microscope ; the influence of main alloying element Mg,Si , minor alloying elements Mn, Cu and homogenization process on the structure and property of studied alloys were studied . Mechanical properties , corrosion resistance and electric properties of 6013 alloy extruded shapes were studied . The results showed that :(1) the shaping abilities of hot rolling and hot extruding of 6013alloy are excellent .(2) when the additions of alloying elements : Mg, Si, Cu and Mn in 6013 alloys are 1. 97wt%, 0. 96wt%, 0.50wt%, and 0.36wt%,respectively , the yield strength 0.2, ultimate strength and ductility of alloys were better . After solid solution treatment , the rigidities of hot rolling plates of 6013 alloys reach peak value when aging temperature and time are 180 C and 4 hours , respectively .(3) solid solution with good solid solution ability were acquired by solid soluting treatment for 25 min at 540 C, 560 C and 580 C, respectively , after that water quenching was carried on . In the case of 580 C, thecoarseness of the precipitation at grain boundaries did not happen , equi-part 120 did not emerge at the intersection of three grains , these suggest that over sintering did not happen . Strengthening phase Mg2Si is precipitated in the structure of alloy .(4) In extruded shapes of 6013 alloys , the strength of alloy in with more Cu content is higher than that of alloy 2 with lower Cu content , because Cu content was increased , the number of the transitted phase increased .(5) In extruded shapes of 6013 alloys , corrosion resistance of alloy 2 is better than that of alloy 1ft . The corrosion resistance of both alloys are inferior to that of 6063 alloy , this is significantly related to the Cu content of alloys .(6) Resistivity of 6013 alloy is higher that of 6063 alloy , but conductivity is lower than that of 6063 alloy , this is due to the Cu content of 6013 alloy is higher than that of 6063 alloy . The conductivity decreased with Cu content of 6013 alloy increasing .(7) Dimension and external quality of the 6013 rolled tube : 130+0.5+7-0.5, the internal and external surface are smooth , on which there are no peeling, air bubble, delamination, dregs, cracks, extra lards, corrosion stains; the strength 6b, ultimate strength 60.2, ductility of 6013 rolled tubes was 317MPa, 292MPa, 14%, respectively.更多还原